Clinical Endoscopy

Reviews

New sedatives and analgesic drugs for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: Jae Min Lee, Yehyun Park, Jin Myung Park, Hong Jun Park, Jun Yong Bae, Seung Young Seo, Jee Hyun Lee, Hyung Ku Chon, Jun-Won Chung, Hyun Ho Choi, Jun Kyu Lee, Byung-Wook Kim, Endoscopic Sedation Committee of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; Clin Endosc 2022;55(5):581-587. Published online August 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.283

Procedural sedation has become increasingly common in endoscopy. Sedatives and analgesics induce anxiolysis and amnesia. In addition, an appropriate level of sedation is necessary for safe procedures including therapeutic endoscopy. Midazolam and propofol are the most commonly used drugs in sedative endoscopy. In recent years, the need to ascertain the safety and effectiveness of sedation has increased in practice. Therefore, new sedatives and analgesic drugs for optimal sedative endoscopy, have recently emerged. This article reviews the characteristics of sedatives and analgesics, and describes their clinical use in gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (English Edition).2025; 75(2): 844578. CrossRef
Remimazolam, a novel drug, for safe and effective endoscopic sedation
Jae Min Lee, Yehyun Park, Dong Won Ahn, Jun Kyu Lee, Kwang Hyuck Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(3): 370. CrossRef
Effective Dose of Oliceridine Fumarate Co-Administered with Remimazolam in Suppressing Gastroscope Insertion Responses for Adults
Weilin Yang, Rui Zhou, Xinyu Zhou, Xuemeng Chen, Dan Zhou, Xianjie Zhang
Drug Design, Development and Therapy.2025; Volume 19: 5033. CrossRef
Risk factors for suspected infectious fever after diagnostic upper endoscopy: propofol overdose in a retrospective study from Korea
Sunmin Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jongbeom Shin, Boram Cha, Ji-Taek Hong, Kye Sook Kwon
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(5): 703. CrossRef
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Yun Ji Park, Sung Ok Chang
Gastroenterology Nursing.2025; 48(6): 426. CrossRef
Safety and Efficacy of Different Sedation Regimens in Pediatric Diagnostic Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Controlled Study
Qin Chen, Jiejie Wang, Caiyu Hu
Clinical Pediatrics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Practice Guideline for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
Chung Hyun Tae, Ju Yup Lee, Moon Kyung Joo, Chan Hyuk Park, Eun Jeong Gong, Cheol Min Shin, Hyun Lim, Hyuk Soon Choi, Miyoung Choi, Sang Hoon Kim, Chul-Hyun Lim, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Moon Sung Lee, Jong-Jae Park, Oh Young Lee
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(1): 10. CrossRef
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Qihui Chen, Hangfei Li, Lijuan Zhou, Zhanbo Yang
International Wound Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jinying Zhu, Sufeng Zhou, Lu Wang, Yuqing Zhao, Jie Wang, Tangping Zhao, Tongtong Li, Feng Shao
Molecular Pharmaceutics.2024; 21(5): 2187. CrossRef
Development of a predictive model for hypoxia due to sedatives in gastrointestinal endoscopy: a prospective clinical study in Korea
Jung Wan Choe, Jong Jin Hyun, Seong-Jin Son, Seung-Hak Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2024; 57(4): 476. CrossRef
Optimal Surveillance of Metachronous Gastric Lesion after Endoscopic Resection of Early Gastric Cancer
Dong Chan Joo, Gwang Ha Kim
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Chung Hyun Tae, Ju Yup Lee, Moon Kyung Joo, Chan Hyuk Park, Eun Jeong Gong, Cheol Min Shin, Hyun Lim, Hyuk Soon Choi, Miyoung Choi, Sang Hoon Kim, Chul-Hyun Lim, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Moon Sung Lee, Jong-Jae Park, Oh Young Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(4): 391. CrossRef
Quality of recovery and pre-existing impaired cognition in patients undergoing advanced GI endoscopic procedures with patient-controlled sedation: a prospective observational cohort study
Sara Lyckner, Michelle S. Chew, Andreas Nilsson
iGIE.2023; 2(3): 292. CrossRef
Clinical Practice Guideline for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
Chung Hyun Tae, Ju Yup Lee, Moon Kyung Joo, Chan Hyuk Park, Eun Jeong Gong, Cheol Min Shin, Hyun Lim, Hyuk Soon Choi, Miyoung Choi, Sang Hoon Kim, Chul-Hyun Lim, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Moon Sung Lee, Jong-Jae Park, Oh Young Lee
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 82(3): 107. CrossRef
Drugs used for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy
Jun Kyu Lee
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(11): 735. CrossRef

10,175 View
384 Download
15 Web of Science
15 Crossref

2021 Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinical Practice Guidelines for Endoscopic Sedation: Hong Jun Park, Byung-Wook Kim, Jun Kyu Lee, Yehyun Park, Jin Myung Park, Jun Yong Bae, Seung Young Seo, Jae Min Lee, Jee Hyun Lee, Hyung Ku Chon, Jun-Won Chung, Hyun Ho Choi, Myung Ha Kim, Dong Ah Park, Jae Hung Jung, Joo Young Cho, Endoscopic Sedation Committee of Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; Clin Endosc 2022;55(2):167-182. Published online February 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.282

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Sedation can resolve anxiety and fear in patients undergoing endoscopy. The use of sedatives has increased in Korea. Appropriate sedation is a state in which the patient feels subjectively comfortable while maintaining the airway reflex for stable spontaneous breathing. The patient should maintain a state of consciousness to the extent that he or she can cooperate with the needs of the medical staff. Despite its benefits, endoscopic sedation has been associated with cardiopulmonary complications. Cardiopulmonary complications are usually temporary. Most patients recover without sequelae. However, they may progress to serious complications, such as cardiovascular collapse. Therefore, it is essential to screen high-risk patients before sedation and reduce complications by meticulous monitoring. Additionally, physicians should be familiar with the management of emergencies. The first Korean clinical practice guideline for endoscopic sedation was developed based on previous worldwide guidelines for endoscopic sedation using an adaptation process. The guideline consists of nine recommendations based on a critical review of currently available data and expert consensus when the guideline was drafted. These guidelines should provide clinicians, nurses, medical school students, and policy makers with information on how to perform endoscopic sedation with minimal risk.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Remimazolam Enables Faster Sedation Induction and Recovery Compared With Midazolam in Diagnostic Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Yehyun Park, Jun Kyu Lee, Kwang Hyuck Lee, Taejun Kim, Sun Hyung Kang, Dong‐Won Ahn, Sung Bum Kim, Seong‐Jung Kim
United European Gastroenterology Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Sedation and anesthesia in gastrointestinal endoscopy in 2025: how, who, and why
Alberto Tringali
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2026; 103(3): 438. CrossRef
Pre-anesthetic evaluation for gastrointestinal endoscopy in China: a national web-based questionnaire survey
Jun Lu, Bo Li, Guanghuan Xu, Jinjun Bian, Lulong Bo
BMC Medical Education.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine Reduces Median Effective Doses of Propofol Required for Successful Gastroscope Insertion: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Dose-Finding Trial
Qian Zhu, Pei-Pei Hao, Ling-Li Cui, Fu-Kun Liu, Fu-Shan Xue
Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management.2026; Volume 22: 1. CrossRef
Core curriculum for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy with a focus on practice: a proposal from the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Hong Sub Lee, Yun Jeong Lim, Jong-Jae Park
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(2): 218. CrossRef
Remimazolam, a novel drug, for safe and effective endoscopic sedation
Jae Min Lee, Yehyun Park, Dong Won Ahn, Jun Kyu Lee, Kwang Hyuck Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(3): 370. CrossRef
An overview of procedural sedation guidelines and their differences
T. Verschakelen, G. Dewinter
Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology.2025; 39(3): 169. CrossRef
Balancing safety and effectiveness in colonoscopy for older adults: a narrative review
Min-Jae Kim, Yuna Kim, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Jaeyoung Chun
Intestinal Research.2025; 23(4): 443. CrossRef
Using Clinical-based Discharge Criteria to Discharge Patients After Endoscopy Procedures Under Drug-induced Intravenous Sedation in the Outpatient Care Unit: An Observational Study
Liangyu Fang, Lina Chen, Bingbing Wu, Yinchuan Xu, Laijuan Chen
Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.2024; 39(5): 859. CrossRef
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Minju Gwag, Jaeyong Yoo
Healthcare.2024; 12(14): 1448. CrossRef
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Jung Wan Choe, Jong Jin Hyun, Seong-Jin Son, Seung-Hak Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2024; 57(4): 476. CrossRef
Comparison of Synergistic Sedation with Midazolam and Propofol Versus Midazolam and Pethidine in Colonoscopies: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study
Jae Woong Lim, Min Jae Kim, Gang Han Lee, Dae Sol Kim, Sang Hyuk Jung, Yu Yeon Kim, Jin Won Kim, Yohan Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Seon Young Park, Dong Hyun Kim
Chonnam Medical Journal.2024; 60(3): 192. CrossRef
Nasal mask versus conventional oxygen supply for endoscopy under intravenous sedation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wentao Ji, Yu Deng, Min Zheng, Xiaoting Zhang, Jun Lu, Jinhai Liu, Bo Li, Lulong Bo
BMJ Open.2024; 14(12): e092868. CrossRef
Experience of organizing outpatient anesthetic care at Endoscopy centre of Multidisciplinary city clinic
O. V. Makarov, S. A. Osipov, E. P. Rodionov, A. A. Malyshev, I. Yu. Korzheva, L. M. Avramenko, Z. Z. Loseva, I. V. Balykov, L. A. Baichorova, E. I. Alikhanova, A. V. Vlasenko, E. A. Evdokimov, V. I. Makovey, V. V. Erofeev
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Anesthesia care provider sedation versus conscious sedation for endoscopic ultrasound–guided tissue acquisition: a retrospective cohort study
Sneha Shaha, Yinglin Gao, Jiahao Peng, Kendrick Che, John J. Kim, Wasseem Skef
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(5): 658. CrossRef
Current status of the gastric cancer screening program in Korea
Young-Il Kim, Il Ju Choi
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(5): 250. CrossRef
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Upender Gowd, Sukhminder Jit Singh Bajwa, Madhuri Kurdi, Gaurav Sindwani
Indian Journal of Anaesthesia.2022; 66(10): 683. CrossRef
Drugs used for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy
Jun Kyu Lee
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(11): 735. CrossRef

14,239 View
683 Download
17 Web of Science
18 Crossref

Case Report

Endoscopic Treatment of Jejunal Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa that Caused Recurrent Intussusception: Ke Ryun Ahn, Ja Seol Koo, Hwan Il Kim, Ji Hye Kim, Jee Hyun Lee, Seung Young Kim, Sung Woo Jung, Sang Woo Lee; Clin Endosc 2017;50(6):605-608. Published online October 18, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.026

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) is a rare anomaly in the small bowel and may be the cause of intussusception when it gets a lead point in the jejunum. All cases of intussusception due to intestinal HGM have been treated with surgical resection. A 5-year-old girl presented with chief complaints of vomiting and abdominal pain for 2 weeks. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed intussusception at the proximal jejunal loops. Three air reductions and one saline reduction were attempted without success. She continued to be symptomatic, and endoscopic evaluation was performed. Enteroscopy revealed some variable-sized polypoid mucosal lesions with erosions on the proximal jejunum. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed using a snare. The resected tissues histologically showed a hyperplastic polyp arising from the HGM. Her symptoms did not recur within 1 year after the treatment. Our case showed that enteroscopy could be useful for the diagnosis and management of jejunal intussusception caused by HGM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in Children
David S. Vitale, Kelly Wang, Laith H. Jamil, Kenneth H. Park, Quin Y. Liu
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2022; 74(1): 20. CrossRef
Life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding caused by jejunal heterotopic gastric mucosa in an adult dog: a rare case report
Roxana Merca, Barbara Richter
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Rare polypoid gastric mucosa induced small bowel intussusception in a toddler
Brianna M. Bowman, Suy sen Hung Fong, Joel M. Prince, Subhasis Misra, Thomas Abbruzzese, Drew Rideout
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Intraoperative Endoscopy in Transient Adult Jejunojejunal Intussusception
Takeshi Okamoto, Hidekazu Suzuki, Katsuyuki Fukuda, Yoshihiro Moriwaki
Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in Adolescent Girl
Esra Polat, Rahşan Özcan, Nuray Kepil, Mine Güllüoğlu, Sevinç Kalin
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Jejunal Polyps out of Place: A Case of Gastric Heterotopia of the Jejunum
Siri A. Urquhart, Nayantara Coelho-Prabhu
Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine.2020; 2020: 1. CrossRef
Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa Presenting as Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Unusual Case Report
Syed Muhammad Ali, Ayman Abdelhafiz Ahmed, Leena Amin Hussain Saaid, Gihan Mustafa Kamal Mohamed, Amjad Ali Shah, Mohannad Al-Tarakji, Zia Aftab, Inamulla, Sameera Rashid, Paola De Nardi
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8,623 View
146 Download
7 Web of Science
7 Crossref

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