Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. It is common in women of childbearing age, and is most frequently located in the pelvic cavity. Approximately 10% of endometriosis cases occur outside of the pelvic cavity in locations such as the intestines, genitourinary system, kidneys, lungs, and skin. However, there have been few reports of endometriosis in the stomach. Here, we report a rare case of endometriosis that presented as a subepithelial stomach tumor.

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• Gastric Endometriosis
  Bendeguz Metz, Yael Tovia, Dimitrios R. Kalaitzopoulos, Nicolas Samartzis
  Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology.2024; 31(8): 633.     CrossRef
• Müllerian‐type carcinosarcoma arising in gastric endometriosis: Case report and review of the literature
  Rayne Peerenboom, Sabrina Wang, Ryan Morgan, Seth Sankary, Lindsay Yassan, Katherine Kurnit, Mitchell C. Posner
  Clinical Case Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Gastric wall endometriosis: A case report
  Meng Chieh Chou
  Tungs' Medical Journal.2024; 18(2): 121.     CrossRef
• Transcoelomic and Lympho-Hematogenous Dissemination of Endometrioid Heterotopias – the Mechanism of Extragenital Endometriosis Formation
  R. V. Ukrainets, Yu. S. Korneva
  Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology.2021; 10(1): 85.     CrossRef
• Molecular and Cellular Changes in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis
  K. A. Toniyan, O. I. Orlov, V. V. Boyarintsev, I. V. Ogneva
  Human Physiology.2021; 47(6): 690.     CrossRef
• Imaging of gastrointestinal endometriosis: what the radiologist should know
  Adrian Jaramillo-Cardoso, Anuradha S. Shenoy-Bhangle, Wendaline M. VanBuren, Giancarlo Schiappacasse, Christine O. Menias, Koenraad J. Mortele
  Abdominal Radiology.2020; 45(6): 1694.     CrossRef

A papilloma is a benign epithelial lesion characterized by finger-like projections of tissue lined by an overgrowth of squamous cells and a core of connective tissue. We report a case of squamous papilloma on the cardia in a 52-year-old asymptomatic female. Endoscopy showed a 1-cm sized is polyp with hyperemic change originating from the cardia adjacent to the esophagogastric junction, the biopsy of which suggested a diagnosis of squamous papilloma. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed to obtain a definite diagnosis and the polyp was completely removed. The histological result was compatible with squamous papilloma, and its surrounding tissues showed foveolar epithelium, which suggested a stomach origin. This is the first report of endoscopic resection of a gastric squamous papilloma. Squamous papilloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a gastric polyp, especially one in the cardia. As the prognostic value of a squamous papilloma is not well known, we recommend endoscopic resection to treat a gastric squamous papilloma, when possible.

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• Overexpression of Neutrophil MMP-9 and HIF-1α May Contribute to the Finger-Like Projections Formation and Histo-Pathogenesis in Nasal Inverted Papilloma
  Tao Li, Kai Sen Tan, Yan Yi Tu, Li Zhao, Jing Liu, Hsiao Hui Ong, De Yun Wang, Li Shi
  Journal of Inflammation Research.2021; Volume 14: 2979.     CrossRef

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma mainly arises in the stomach, with fewer than 30% arising in the small intestine. We describe here two cases of primary duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma which were evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography. A 52-year-old man underwent endoscopy due to abdominal pain, which demonstrated a depressed lesion on duodenal bulb. Endoscopic ultrasonographic finding was hypoechoic lesion invading the submucosa. The other case was a previously healthy 51-year-old man. Endoscopy showed a whitish granular lesion on duodenum third portion. Endoscopic ultrasonography image was similar to the first case, whereas abdominal computed tomography revealed enlargement of multiple lymph nodes. The first case was treated with eradication of Helicobacter pylori, after which the mucosal change and endoscopic ultrasound finding were normalized in 7 months. The second case was treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, and rituximab every 3 weeks. After 6 courses of chemotherapy, the patient achieved complete remission.

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• Primary Gastric and Duodenal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma With Symptomatic Anemia
  Abdulla Alabed, Faisal Abubaker, Omar Sharif, Alddana Zayed, Eman Aljufairi
  ACG Case Reports Journal.2024; 11(7): e01438.     CrossRef
• Review of lymphoma in the duodenum: An update of diagnosis and management
  Masaya Iwamuro, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada
  World Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 29(12): 1852.     CrossRef
• Synchronous duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer
  Keiichiro Yokota, Tsutomu Namikawa, Masahiro Maeda, Nobuhisa Tanioka, Jun Iwabu, Sunao Uemura, Masaya Munekage, Hiromichi Maeda, Hiroyuki Kitagawa, Michiya Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Hanazaki
  Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 14(1): 109.     CrossRef
• Early, Isolated Duodenal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Presenting without Symptoms or Grossly Apparent Endoscopic Lesions and Diagnosed by Random Duodenal Biopsies
  Mihajlo Gjeorgjievski, Issa Makki, Pradeep Khanal, Mitual B. Amin, Ann Marie Blenc, Tusar Desai, Mitchell S. Cappell
  Case Reports in Gastroenterology.2016; 10(2): 323.     CrossRef