Clinical Endoscopy

Original Articles

Effectiveness of a novel artificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy system for adenoma detection: a prospective, propensity score-matched, non-randomized controlled study in Korea: Jung-Bin Park, Jung Ho Bae; Received June 24, 2024 Accepted July 21, 2024 Published online August 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.168 [Epub ahead of print]

Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
/Aims: The real-world effectiveness of computer-aided detection (CADe) systems during colonoscopies remains uncertain. We assessed the effectiveness of the novel CADe system, ENdoscopy as AI-powered Device (ENAD), in enhancing the adenoma detection rate (ADR) and other quality indicators in real-world clinical practice.
Methods
We enrolled patients who underwent elective colonoscopies between May 2022 and October 2022 at a tertiary healthcare center. Standard colonoscopy (SC) was compared to ENAD-assisted colonoscopy. Eight experienced endoscopists performed the procedures in randomly assigned CADe- and non-CADe-assisted rooms. The primary outcome was a comparison of ADR between the ENAD and SC groups.
Results
A total of 1,758 sex- and age-matched patients were included and evenly distributed into two groups. The ENAD group had a significantly higher ADR (45.1% vs. 38.8%, p=0.010), higher sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR) (5.7% vs. 2.5%, p=0.001), higher mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) (0.78±1.17 vs. 0.61±0.99; incidence risk ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.42), and longer withdrawal time (9.0±3.4 vs. 8.3±3.1, p<0.001) than the SC group. However, the mean withdrawal times were not significantly different between the two groups in cases where no polyps were detected (6.9±1.7 vs. 6.7±1.7, p=0.058).
Conclusions
ENAD-assisted colonoscopy significantly improved the ADR, APC, and SSLDR in real-world clinical practice, particularly for smaller and nonpolypoid adenomas.

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White spots around colorectal tumors are cancer-related findings and may aid endoscopic diagnosis: a prospective study in Japan: Kai Korekawa, Yusuke Shimoyama, Fumiyoshi Fujishima, Hiroshi Nagai, Takeo Naito, Rintaro Moroi, Hisashi Shiga, Yoichi Kakuta, Yoshitaka Kinouchi, Atsushi Masamune; Received February 7, 2024 Accepted April 28, 2024 Published online June 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.027 [Epub ahead of print]

Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
/Aims: During endoscopy, white spots (WS) are sometimes observed around benign or malignant colorectal tumors; however, few reports have investigated WS, and their significance remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated the significance of WS from clinical and pathological viewpoints and evaluated its usefulness in endoscopic diagnosis.
Methods
Clinical data of patients with lesions diagnosed as epithelial tumors from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, were analyzed (n=3,869). We also performed a clinicopathological analysis of adenomas or carcinomas treated with endoscopic resection (n=759). Subsequently, detailed pathological observations of the WS were performed.
Results
The positivity rates for WS were 9.3% (3,869 lesions including advanced cancer and non-adenoma/carcinoma) and 25% (759 lesions limited to adenoma and early carcinoma). Analysis of 759 lesions showed that the WS-positive lesion group had a higher proportion of cancer cases and larger tumor diameters than the WS-negative group. Multiple logistic analysis revealed the following three statistically significant risk factors for carcinogenesis: positive WS, flat lesions, and tumor diameter ≥5 mm. Pathological analysis revealed that WS were macrophages that phagocytosed fat and mucus and were white primarily because of fat.
Conclusions
WS are cancer-related findings and can become a new criterion for endoscopic resection in the future.

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Review

Detecting colorectal lesions with image-enhanced endoscopy: an updated review from clinical trials: Mizuki Nagai, Sho Suzuki, Yohei Minato, Fumiaki Ishibashi, Kentaro Mochida, Ken Ohata, Tetsuo Morishita; Clin Endosc 2023;56(5):553-562. Published online July 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.055

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Colonoscopy plays an important role in reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer by detecting adenomas and other precancerous lesions. Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) increases lesion visibility by enhancing the microstructure, blood vessels, and mucosal surface color, resulting in the detection of colorectal lesions. In recent years, various IEE techniques have been used in clinical practice, each with its unique characteristics. Numerous studies have reported the effectiveness of IEE in the detection of colorectal lesions. IEEs can be divided into two broad categories according to the nature of the image: images constructed using narrowband wavelength light, such as narrowband imaging and blue laser imaging/blue light imaging, or color images based on white light, such as linked color imaging, texture and color enhancement imaging, and i-scan. Conversely, artificial intelligence (AI) systems, such as computer-aided diagnosis systems, have recently been developed to assist endoscopists in detecting colorectal lesions during colonoscopy. To better understand the features of each IEE, this review presents the effectiveness of each type of IEE and their combination with AI for colorectal lesion detection by referencing the latest research data.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Approaches and considerations in the endoscopic treatment of T1 colorectal cancer
Yunho Jung
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(4): 563. CrossRef
Strategy for post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: focus on the revised Korean guidelines
Yong Soo Kwon, Su Young Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(11): 652. CrossRef
AI-powered medical devices for practical clinicians including the diagnosis of colorectal polyps
Donghwan Kim, Eunsun Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(11): 658. CrossRef

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Original Article

Endoscopic submucosal dissection in colorectal neoplasia performed with a waterjet system-assisted knife: higher en-bloc resection rate than conventional technique: Paolo Cecinato, Matteo Lucarini, Francesco Azzolini, Mariachiara Campanale, Fabio Bassi, Annalisa Cippitelli, Romano Sassatelli; Clin Endosc 2022;55(6):775-783. Published online October 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.099

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is burdened by its associated high risk of adverse events and long procedure time. Recently, a waterjet-assisted knife was introduced to simplify and speed up the procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of waterjet-assisted ESD (WESD) compared to that of the conventional ESD (CESD) technique.
Methods
The charts of 254 consecutive patients who underwent colorectal ESD between January 2014 and February 2021 for colorectal neoplasms were analyzed. The primary outcome was the en-bloc resection rate. Secondary outcomes were complete and curative resection rates, the need to switch to a hybrid ESD, procedure speed, the adverse event rates, and the recurrence rates.
Results
Approximately 174 neoplasias were considered, of which, 123 were removed by WESD and 51 by CESD. The en-bloc resection rate was higher in the WESD group (94.3% vs. 84.3%). Complete resection rates and curative resection rates were similar. The need to switch to a hybrid ESD was greater during CESD (39.2% vs. 13.8%). Procedure speed and adverse event rates were similar. During follow-up, one recurrence occurred after a WESD.
Conclusions
WESD allows a high rate of en-bloc resections and less frequently requires a rescue switch to the hybrid ESD compared to CESD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Is there a best choice of equipment for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection?
Francesco Cocomazzi, Sonia Carparelli, Nunzia Labarile, Antonio Capogreco, Marco Gentile, Roberta Maselli, Jahnvi Dhar, Jayanta Samanta, Alessandro Repici, Cesare Hassan, Francesco Perri, Antonio Facciorusso
Expert Review of Medical Devices.2024; 21(7): 561. CrossRef
Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Performance of a Novel Hybrid-Technology Knife in an Animal Trial
Jérémie Jacques, Horst Neuhaus, Markus D. Enderle, Ulrich Biber, Walter Linzenbold, Martin Schenk, Kareem Khalaf, Alessandro Repici
Diagnostics.2023; 13(21): 3347. CrossRef

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Review

Quality indicators in colonoscopy: the chasm between ideal and reality: Su Bee Park, Jae Myung Cha; Clin Endosc 2022;55(3):332-338. Published online April 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.037

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Continuous measurement of quality indicators (QIs) should be a routine part of colonoscopy, as a wide variation still exists in the performance and quality levels of colonoscopy in Korea. Among the many QIs of colonoscopy, the adenoma detection rate, average withdrawal time, bowel preparation adequacy, and cecal intubation rate should be monitored in daily clinical practice to improve the quality of the procedure. The adenoma detection rate is the best indicator of the quality of colonoscopy; however, it has many limitations for universal use in daily practice. With the development of natural language processing, the adenoma detection rate is expected to become more effective and useful. It is important that colonoscopists do not strictly and mechanically maintain an average withdrawal time of 6 minutes but instead perform careful colonoscopy to maximally expose the colonic mucosa with a withdrawal time of at least 6 minutes. To achieve adequate bowel preparation, documentation of bowel preparation with the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) should be a routine part of colonoscopy. When colonoscopists routinely followed the bowel preparation protocols, ≥85% of outpatient screening colonoscopies had a BBPS score of ≥6. In addition, the cecal intubation rate should be ≥95% of all screening colonoscopies. The first step in improving colonoscopy quality in Korea is to apply these key performance measurements in clinical practice.

Citations

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What are the priority quality indicators for colonoscopy in real‐world clinical practice?
Kasenee Tiankanon, Satimai Aniwan
Digestive Endoscopy.2024; 36(1): 30. CrossRef
Strategies to improve screening colonoscopy quality for the prevention of colorectal cancer
Joo Hye Song, Eun Ran Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(4): 547. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Exercise Therapy for Bowel Preparation
Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Ramoo Vimala, Ping Lei Chui, Ida Normiha Hilmi
Gastroenterology Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Detecting colorectal lesions with image-enhanced endoscopy: an updated review from clinical trials
Mizuki Nagai, Sho Suzuki, Yohei Minato, Fumiaki Ishibashi, Kentaro Mochida, Ken Ohata, Tetsuo Morishita
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(5): 553. CrossRef
AI-powered medical devices for practical clinicians including the diagnosis of colorectal polyps
Donghwan Kim, Eunsun Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(11): 658. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Endoscopic Suturing for the Prevention and Treatment of Complications Associated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Large Duodenal Adenomas: Jaeil Chung, Kelly Wang, Alexander Podboy, Srinivas Gaddam, Simon K. Lo; Clin Endosc 2022;55(1):95-100. Published online March 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.281

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the primary treatment for duodenal adenomas; however, it is associated with a high risk of perforation and bleeding, especially with larger lesions. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic suturing (ES) for the closure of mucosal defects after duodenal EMR.
Methods
Consecutive adult patients who underwent ES of large mucosal defects after EMR of large (>2 cm) duodenal adenomas were retrospectively enrolled. The OverStitch ES system was employed for closing mucosal defects after EMR. Clinical outcomes and complications, including delayed bleeding and perforation, were documented.
Results
During the study period, ES of mucosal defects was performed in seven patients in eight sessions (six for prophylaxis and two for the treatment of perforation). All ES sessions were technically successful. No early or delayed post-EMR bleeding was recorded. In addition, no clinically obvious duodenal stricture or recurrence was encountered on endoscopic follow-up evaluation, and no patients required subsequent surgical intervention.
Conclusions
ES for the prevention and treatment of duodenal perforation after EMR is technically feasible, safe, and effective. ES should be considered an option for preventing or treating perforations associated with EMR of large duodenal adenomas.

Citations

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Adaption of novel clip-closure technique for large mucosal defects after EMR of a colon laterally spreading tumor using standard hemostatic clips
Hannah Saven, Andrew Canakis, Raymond E. Kim
VideoGIE.2024; 9(1): 42. CrossRef
Through-the-scope suture closure of nonampullary duodenal endoscopic mucosal resection defects: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Jose Antonio Almario, Linda Y. Zhang, Jonathan Cohen, Gregory B. Haber, Hemchand Ramberan, Andrew C. Storm, Stuart Gordon, Jeffrey M. Adler, Heiko Pohl, Alexander Schlachterman, Anand Kumar, Shailendra Singh, Bashar Qumseya, Peter V. Draganov, Nikhil A. K
Endoscopy.2023; 55(09): 865. CrossRef
Double-scope technique to recover from hand-suturing trouble in the duodenum
Leonardo Yoshio Sato, Yoshitaka Hata, Mitsuru Esaki, Eikichi Ihara, Shiho Tajiri, Tomohiko Moriyama, Yosuke Minoda
Endoscopy.2023; 55(S 01): E1193. CrossRef
Initial multicenter experience using a novel endoscopic tack and suture system for challenging GI defect closure and stent fixation (with video)
Tala Mahmoud, Louis M. Wong Kee Song, Stavros N. Stavropoulos, Tarek H. Alansari, Hemchand Ramberan, Norio Fukami, Neil B. Marya, Prashanth Rau, Christopher Marshall, Bachir Ghandour, Michael Bejjani, Mouen A. Khashab, Gregory B. Haber, Hiroyuki Aihara, M
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 95(2): 373. CrossRef
Endoscopic management of non-ampullary duodenal adenomas
Maxime Amoyel, Arthur Belle, Marion Dhooge, Einas Abou Ali, Rachel Hallit, Frederic Prat, Anthony Dohan, Benoit Terris, Stanislas Chaussade, Romain Coriat, Maximilien Barret
Endoscopy International Open.2022; 10(01): E96. CrossRef
Outcomes of endoscopic mucosal resection for large superficial non-ampullary duodenal adenomas
Maxime Amoyel, Arthur Belle, Marion Dhooge, Einas Abou Ali, Anna Pellat, Rachel Hallit, Benoit Terris, Frédéric Prat, Stanislas Chaussade, Romain Coriat, Maximilien Barret
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness and safety of endoscopic resection for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A single center analysis
Zhen-Zhen Wang, Xiao-Dan Yan, Hai-Deng Yang, Xin-Li Mao, Yue Cai, Xin-Yu Fu, Shao-Wei Li
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(11): 684. CrossRef

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Impact of Moderate versus Deep Sedation and Trainee Participation on Adenoma Detection Rate-Analysis of a Veteran Population: Hemnishil K. Marella, Nasir Saleem, Claudio Tombazzi; Clin Endosc 2021;54(2):250-255. Published online December 15, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.091

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is used as a quality indicator for screening and surveillance colonoscopy. The study aimed to determine if moderate versus deep sedation affects the outcomes of the ADR and other quality metrics in the veteran population.
Methods
A retrospective review of colonoscopies performed at Memphis Veterans Affairs Medical Center over a one-year period was conducted. A total of 900 colonoscopy reports were reviewed. After exclusion criteria, a total of 229 index, average-risk screening colonoscopies were identified. Data were collected to determine the impact of moderate (benzodiazepine plus opioids) versus deep (propofol) sedation on the ADR, polyp detection rate (PDR), and withdrawal time.
Results
Among 229 screening colonoscopies, 103 (44.9%) used moderate sedation while 126 (55%) were done under deep sedation. The ADR and PDR were not significantly different between moderate versus deep sedation at 35.9% vs. 37.3% (p=0.82) and 58.2% vs. 48.4% (p=0.13), respectively. Similarly, there was no significant difference in withdrawal time between moderate and deep sedation (13.4 min vs. 14 min, p=0.56) during screening colonoscopies.
Conclusions
In veterans undergoing index, average-risk screening colonoscopies, the quality metrics of the ADR, PDR, and withdrawal time are not influenced by deep sedation compared with moderate sedation.

Citations

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AI-powered medical devices for practical clinicians including the diagnosis of colorectal polyps
Donghwan Kim, Eunsun Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(11): 658. CrossRef
Patient Satisfaction, at What Cost?
Byron P. Vaughn
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022; 20(4): e912. CrossRef
Impact of sedation type on adenoma detection rate by colonoscopy
Hawraa Tarhini, Ayman Alrazim, Wissam Ghusn, Mohammad Hosni, Anthony Kerbage, Assaad Soweid, Ala-I Sharara, Fadi Mourad, Fadi Francis, Yasser Shaib, Kassem Barada, Fady Daniel
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2022; 46(7): 101981. CrossRef
Safety, Efficacy and High-Quality Standards of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Procedures in Personalized Sedoanalgesia Managed by the Gastroenterologist: A Retrospective Study
Marina Rizzi, Francesco Panzera, Demetrio Panzera, Berardino D’Ascoli
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(7): 1171. CrossRef

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Focused Review Series: Present and Future of Diagnosis and Management of Small Bowel Diseases Exploiting Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Endoscopy

Roles of Capsule Endoscopy and Device-Assisted Enteroscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Small-Bowel Tumors: Eun Ran Kim; Clin Endosc 2020;53(4):410-416. Published online July 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.161

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

With the development of capsule endoscopy (CE) and device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE), the incidence of small-bowel tumors has increased and the characteristics of these tumors have changed. In addition, the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for small-bowel tumors have diversified. CE is a simple, noninvasive method that aid in the visualization the entire small bowel. CE is considered the initial approach for small-bowel tumors. DAE can be used to perform endoscopic procedures such as bleeding control, polypectomy, stent insertion, and tattooing, as well as for diagnosis through visualization or tissue sampling. Therapeutic intervention with DAE is particularly useful in polyposis syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. This review will discuss the roles of CE and DAE in the diagnosis and treatment of small-bowel tumors.

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Discordance Rate and Risk Factor of Other Diagnostic Modalities for Small Bowel Tumors Detected by Device-Assisted Enteroscopy: A Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Disease (KASID) Multicenter Study
Jihye Park, Jin Su Kim, Joo Hye Song, Kwangwoo Nam, Seong-Eun Kim, Eui Sun Jeong, Jae Hyun Kim, Seong Ran Jeon
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(4): 686. CrossRef
Cancer risk in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome in Korea: a retrospective multi-center study
Su Hwan Kim, Eun Ran Kim, Jae Jun Park, Eun Sun Kim, Hyeon Jeong Goong, Kyeong Ok Kim, Ji Hyung Nam, Yehyun Park, Sang Pyo Lee, Hyun Joo Jang
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2023; 38(2): 176. CrossRef
The first experience of small bowel adenoma removal by cold loop resection
A.A. Fedorenko, P.V. Pavlov, A.P. Kiryukhin, A.S. Tertychnyy
Endoskopicheskaya khirurgiya.2023; 29(2): 56. CrossRef
Intraoperative push enteroscopy for treatment of occult small bowel bleed due to hemorrhagic bleed and tumor: a report of two cases
Maribona A Sofia, Philip Dwight, Shatawi Zaineb, Seaver Christopher
Journal of Surgical Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Capsule Endoscopy for the Diagnosis of Suspected Small Bowel Bleeding
P. P. Polyakov, A. Ya. Alimetov, A. V. Onopriev, A. V. Avakimyan, A. Kh. Kade, S. A. Zanin, E. S. Zanina, Z. S. Popov, A. I. Trofimenko, Z. T. Jndoyan, A. A. Avagimyan
Innovative Medicine of Kuban.2023; (3): 121. CrossRef
MUTYH-associated polyposis: Is it time to change upper gastrointestinal surveillance? A single-center case series and a literature overview
Lupe Sanchez-Mete, Lorenzo Mosciatti, Marco Casadio, Luigi Vittori, Aline Martayan, Vittoria Stigliano
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2023; 15(11): 1891. CrossRef
Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Diagnosis of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma
Thomas Aparicio, Atanas Pachev, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Magali Svrcek
Cancers.2022; 14(9): 2268. CrossRef
Small bowel lymphoma: clinical update and challenges for the gastroenterologist
Priya Oka, Reena Sidhu
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2022; 38(3): 270. CrossRef
Recent developments in small bowel endoscopy: the “black box” is now open!
Luigina Vanessa Alemanni, Stefano Fabbri, Emanuele Rondonotti, Alessandro Mussetto
Clinical Endoscopy.2022; 55(4): 473. CrossRef
Application of capsule endoscopy in patients with chronic and recurrent abdominal pain
Wei Yang, Zheng Li, Rui Liu, Xudong Tong, Wei Wang, Dongqiang Xu, Shan Gao
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A Two Stream Fusion Assisted Deep Learning Framework for Stomach Diseases Classification
Muhammad Shahid Amin, Jamal Hussain Shah, Mussarat Yasmin, Ghulam Jillani Ansari, Muhamamd Attique Khan, Usman Tariq, Ye Jin Kim, Byoungchol Chang
Computers, Materials & Continua.2022; 73(2): 4423. CrossRef
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Ilja Tacheci, Marcela Kopacova, Jan Bures
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2021; 37(3): 245. CrossRef
Endoscopic Management of Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes
Elena G. Gibson, Judith Staub, Priyanka Kanth
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Premalignant Lesions of the Small Intestine
Su Hwan Kim, Ji Won Kim
Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports.2021; 9(2): 60. CrossRef
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Su Hwan Kim, Ji Won Kim
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Original Article

Endocuff-Assisted versus Cap-Assisted Colonoscopy Performed by Trainees: A Retrospective Study: Yutaka Okagawa, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Yusuke Tomita, Shutaro Oiwa, Fumihiro Ogata, Takashi Jin, Masahiro Yoshida, Ryoji Fujii, Takeyoshi Minagawa, Kohtaro Morita, Hideyuki Ihara, Michiaki Hirayama, Hitoshi Kondo; Clin Endosc 2020;53(3):339-345. Published online January 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.124

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: The adenoma detection rate (ADR) of screening colonoscopies performed by trainees is often lower than that of colonoscopies performed by experts. The effcacy of cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) in adenoma detection is well documented, especially that of CACs performed by trainees. Endocuff, a new endoscopic cap, is reportedly useful for adenoma detection; however, no trials have compared the effcacy of Endocuff-assisted colonoscopy (EAC) and CAC conducted by trainees. Therefore, the present study retrospectively compared the effcacy between EAC and CAC in trainees.
Methods
This was a single-center, retrospective study involving 305 patients who underwent either EAC or CAC performed by three trainees between January and December 2018. We evaluated the ADR, mean number of adenomas detected per patient (MAP), cecal intubation rate, cecal intubation time, and occurrence of complications between the EAC and CAC groups.
Results
The ADR was significantly higher in the EAC group than in the CAC group (54.3% vs. 37.3%, p=0.019), as was the MAP (1.36 vs. 0.74, p=0.003). No significant differences were found between the groups with respect to the cecal intubation rate or cecal intubation time. No major complications occurred in either group.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that EAC exhibits increased ADR and MAP compared to CAC when performed by trainees.

Citations

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The impact of EndoCuff-assisted colonoscopy on the polyp detection rate: A cross-over randomized back-to-back study
Mohammed Sherif Naguib, Ahmed Khairy, Hany Shehab, Hazem Abosheaishaa, Abdel Meguid Kassem
Arab Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 25(2): 102. CrossRef
Comparative Efficacy of Endoscopic Assist Devices on Colonic Adenoma Detection
Simcha Weissman, Tej I. Mehta, Daniel J. Stein, Kartikeya Tripathi, Nathan Rosenwald, Sindhura Kolli, Muhammad Aziz, Joseph D. Feuerstein
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology.2022; 56(10): 889. CrossRef
Accessories to Enhance Adenoma Detection Rates: Is the Endocuff Better than the Conventional Cap for Trainees?
Tae-Geun Gweon, Sang-Bum Kang
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(3): 251. CrossRef
Endocuff‐assisted colonoscopy versus cap‐assisted colonoscopy for adenoma detection rate: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Ai Li, Jing‐Ze Yang, Xiao‐Xiao Yang, Bing‐Cheng Feng, Ming‐Ming Zhang, Jun‐Yan Qu, Ru‐Chen Zhou, Peng Wang, Li‐Xiang Li, Xiu‐Li Zuo, Yan‐Qing Li
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 35(12): 2066. CrossRef

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Focused Review Series: Cutting Edge of Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy

Management of Remnant or Recurrent Lesions after Endoscopic Papillectomy: Ichiro Yasuda, Saito Kobayashi, Kosuke Takahashi, Sohachi Nanjo, Hiroshi Mihara, Shinya Kajiura, Takayuki Ando, Kazuto Tajiri, Haruka Fujinami; Clin Endosc 2020;53(6):659-662. Published online December 3, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.171

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for ampullary adenomas achieves cure rates ranging from 76% to 90%, and recurrence rates are as high as 33%. If remnant or recurrent lesions after prior EP are endoscopically visible and are not suspected of intraductal extension into the biliary or pancreatic duct, repeated snaring and cutting can be performed until all visible lesions are completely resected. However, endoscopic ablative therapies, particularly argon plasma coagulation, can be attempted for tiny or uncertain remnant and recurrent lesions. In addition, intraductal radiofrequency ablation has recently been attempted for residual intraductal lesions after EP at several institutions. Although still under investigation, it has shown some promise. It might be offered as an alternative to surgery, particularly in patients who are unfit for surgery or those who refuse to undergo surgery.

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The first Russian experience of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of adenoma of the major duodenal papilla with intraductal growth in the common bile duct
L.R. Tigiyev, Yu.S. Teterin, P.A. Yartsev, S.S. Petrikov
Khirurgiya. Zhurnal im. N.I. Pirogova.2023; (8): 70. CrossRef
The Significance of Histopathological Findings on Clinical Outcomes in Endoscopic Papillectomy with Endocut
Sayaka Miyamoto, Masahiro Serikawa, Yasutaka Ishii, Yumiko Tatsukawa, Shinya Nakamura, Juri Ikemoto, Yosuke Tamura, Kazuki Nakamura, Masaru Furukawa, Yumiko Yamashita, Noriaki Iijima, Koji Arihiro, Shiro Oka
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(21): 6853. CrossRef
The timing of recurrence after endoscopic papillectomy
Samuel Han, Joshua A. Turkeltaub, Daniel Jonas, Augustin R. Attwell, Anna M. Duloy, Steven A. Edmundowicz, Hazem T. Hammad, Mihir S. Wagh, Sachin Wani, Raj J. Shah
Surgical Endoscopy.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic papillectomy of ampullary adenoma: A multi-center study
Seong Ji Choi, Hong Sik Lee, Jiyeong Kim, Jung Wan Choe, Jae Min Lee, Jong Jin Hyun, Jai Hoon Yoon, Hyo Jung Kim, Jae Seon Kim, Ho Soon Choi
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(17): 1845. CrossRef
Endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary adenoma and early adenocarcinoma: Analysis of factors related to treatment outcome and long‐term prognosis
Hiroki Kawashima, Eizaburo Ohno, Takuya Ishikawa, Tadashi Iida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Kazuhiro Furukawa, Masanao Nakamura, Takashi Honda, Senju Hashimoto, Akihiro Itoh, Masatoshi Ishigami, Yoshiki Hirooka, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
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Predictive factor of recurrence after endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary neoplasms
Kosuke Takahashi, Eisuke Ozawa, Ichiro Yasuda, Naohiro Komatsu, Hisamitsu Miyaaki, Ken Ohnita, Takuji Yamao, Kazuo Oba, Tatsuki Ichikawa, Kazuhiko Nakao
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Management of obstructive jaundice in patients with neoplasms of the major duodenal papilla
Yu.S. Teterin, L.R. Tigiev, P.A. Yartsev, E.V. Stepan, M.L. Rogal, Yu.D. Kulikov
Khirurgiya. Zhurnal im. N.I. Pirogova.2021; (7): 49. CrossRef
Underwater endoscopic papillectomy for residual tumor after endoscopic papillectomy: First report
Yuki Mori, Akira Kurita, Shujiro Yazumi
Digestive Endoscopy.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnosis and treatment of benign neoplasms of the major duodenal papilla
Yu.S. Teterin, P.A. Yartsev, M.L. Rogal, L.R. Tigiev, N.V. Shavrina, K.A. Nugumanova, E.V. Stepan
Khirurgiya. Zhurnal im. N.I. Pirogova.2020; (11): 32. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Concurrent Ampullary Adenoma and Gangliocytic Paraganglioma at the Minor Papilla Treated with Endoscopic Resection: Jun Kwon Ko, Do Hyun Park, Hee Sang Hwang; Clin Endosc 2019;52(4):382-386. Published online April 12, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.198

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A gangliocytic paraganglioma is a benign tumor of the digestive system with a very low incidence. The tumor is histopathologically characterized by a triphasic pattern consisting of epithelioid, ganglion, and spindle-shaped Schwann cells. In most cases, it occurs in the second portion of the duodenum near the ampulla of Vater. We report a case of a gangliocytic paraganglioma occurring at the minor duodenal papilla (a rare location) with a concurrent adenoma of the ampulla of Vater. Both lesions were treated simultaneously using endoscopic resection. Additionally, we have presented a literature review.

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Estrategia de manejo quirúrgico en tumores de bajo potencial maligno de localización ampular. Presentación de un caso de paraganglioma gangliocítico
Victoria Lucas Guerrero, Anna González Costa, Andreu Romaguera Monzonis, Natalia Bejarano González, Francisco García Borobia
Cirugía Española.2021; 99(8): 621. CrossRef
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Adenocarcinoma at the Minor Duodenal Papilla: A Case Report and Suggestions for the Optimal Treatment Strategy
Takao Sato, Ryota Sagami, Hidefumi Nishikiori, Hiroaki Tsuji, Keiji Sato, Tsutomu Daa, Kazunari Murakami
Internal Medicine.2021; 60(16): 2593. CrossRef
Surgical management strategy in ampullary tumors with low malignant potential: Presentation of a patient with a gangliocytic paraganglioma
Victoria Lucas Guerrero, Anna González Costa, Andreu Romaguera Monzonis, Natalia Bejarano González, Francisco García Borobia
Cirugía Española (English Edition).2021; 99(8): 621. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Mis-sizing of Adenomatous Polyps is Common among Endoscopists and Impacts Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations: Thu Pham, Aung Bajaj, Lorela Berberi, Chengcheng Hu, Sasha Taleban; Clin Endosc 2018;51(5):485-490. Published online June 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.183

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: To determine the accuracy of identifying ≥6-mm adenomatous polyps during colonoscopy and define its impact on subsequent interval screening.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent colonoscopies at Banner University Medical Center, Tucson from 2011 to 2015. All patients with ≥6-mm adenomatous polyps based on their colonoscopy report were included. Adenomatous polyps were excluded if they did not meet the criteria. Discrepancies in the polyp size were determined by calculating the percentage of size variation (SV). Clinical mis-sizing was defined as SV >33%.
Results
The polyps analyzed were predominantly <10 mm in size. Approximately 13% of the examined polyps met the inclusion criteria, and 40.7% of the adenomas were ≥10 mm. A total of 189 ≥6-mm adenomatous polyps were collected from 10 different gastroenterologists and a colorectal surgeon. Adenomatous polyps were clinically mis-sized in 56.6% of cases and overestimated in 71.4%. Among the adenomas reviewed, 22% of mis-sized polyps and 11% of non-mis-sized polyps resulted in an inappropriate surveillance interval.
Conclusions
We found that more than half of ≥6-mm adenomatous polyps are mis-sized and that there is a tendency to overestimate adenoma size among endoscopists. This frequently leads to inappropriate intervals of surveillance colonoscopy.

Citations

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Measuring Size of Colorectal Polyps Using a Virtual Scale Endoscope or Visual Assessment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mahsa Taghiakbari, Roupen Djinbachian, Claire Haumesser, Sacha Sidani, Jeremy Liu Chen Kiow, Benoit Panzini, Daniel von Renteln
American Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 119(7): 1309. CrossRef
Adenoma-Based Colonoscopy Quality Metrics for the 45–49 Years Old Military Screening Population
Geoffrey A. Bader, Carl L. Kay, Zachary Eagle, Brandon W. Kuiper, Charles B. Miller, John G. Gancayco
Techniques and Innovations in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2024; 26(3): 216. CrossRef
CT colonography has advantages over colonoscopy for size measurement of colorectal polyps
Daisuke Tsurumaru, Yusuke Nishimuta, Katsuya Nanjo, Satohiro Kai, Mitsutoshi Miyasaka, Toshio Muraki, Kousei Ishigami
Japanese Journal of Radiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Measuring size of smaller colorectal polyps using a virtual scale function during endoscopies
Daniel von Renteln, Roupen Djinbachian, Melissa Zarandi-Nowroozi, Mahsa Taghiakbari
Gut.2023; 72(3): 417. CrossRef
Estimating colorectal polyp size with a virtual scale endoscope and visual estimation during colonoscopy: Prospective, preliminary comparison of accuracy
Ryo Shimoda, Takashi Akutagawa, Michito Tomonaga, Tatsuro Murano, Kensuke Shinmura, Masato Yoshioka, Yuichi Teramura, Fumiaki Kiyomi, Hiroaki Ikematsu
Digestive Endoscopy.2022; 34(7): 1471. CrossRef
Accuracy of estimation of polyp size at colonoscopy
Linda Tang, Angelina Di Re, Toufic El‐Khoury
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2020; 90(6): 1125. CrossRef
Polyp Characteristics of Nonsyndromic and Potentially Syndromic Juvenile Polyps
Nadia Ibrahimi, Seth S. Septer, Brian R. Lee, Robert Garola, Raj Shah, Thomas M. Attard
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2019; 69(6): 668. CrossRef
Importance of the Size of Adenomatous Polyps in Determining Appropriate Colonoscopic Surveillance Intervals
Hoon Sup Koo, Kyu Chan Huh
Clinical Endoscopy.2018; 51(5): 404. CrossRef

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Endoscopic Features of Mucous Cap Polyps: A Way to Predict Serrated Polyps: Brian T. Moy, Faripour Forouhar, Chia-Ling Kuo, Thomas J. Devers; Clin Endosc 2018;51(4):368-374. Published online April 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.155

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: The aims of the study were to identify whether a mucous-cap predicts the presence of serrated polyps, and to determine whether additional endoscopic findings predict the presence of a sessile serrated adenomas/polyp (SSA/P).
Methods
We analyzed 147 mucous-capped polyps with corresponding histology, during 2011–2014. Eight endoscopic features (presence of borders, elevation, rim of debris, location in the colon, size ≥10 mm, varicose vessels, nodularity, and alteration in mucosal folds) of mucous-capped polyps were examined to see if they can predict SSA/Ps.
Results
A total of 86% (n=126) of mucous-capped polyps were from the right sided serrated pathway (right-sided hyperplastic [n=83], SSA/Ps [n=43], traditional serrated adenoma [n=1]), 10% (n=15) were left-sided hyperplastic polyps, and 3% (n=5) were from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The presence of a mucous cap combined with varicose vessels was the only significant predictor for SSA/Ps. The other seven characteristics were not found to be statistically significant for SSA/Ps, although location in the colon and the presence of nodularity trended towards significance.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that mucous-capped polyps have high predictability for being a part of the serrated pathway. Gastroenterologists should be alert for a mucous-capped polyp with varicose veins, as these lesions have a higher risk of SSA/P.

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Clinicopathological features and expression of regulatory mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal sessile serrated adenomas/polyps with different syndrome types
Dan Qiao, Xiao-Yan Liu, Lie Zheng, Ya-Li Zhang, Ren-Ye Que, Bing-Jing Ge, Hong-Yan Cao, Yan-Cheng Dai
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2023; 11(9): 1963. CrossRef
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a significant etiological factor of laryngological infections: a review
Michał Michalik, Alfred Samet, Adrianna Podbielska-Kubera, Vincenzo Savini, Jacek Międzobrodzki, Maja Kosecka-Strojek
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic features of sessile serrated adenoma/polyps under narrowband imaging: A retrospective study
Xin Tian Zhang, Qing Wei Zhang, Fei Liu, Xiao Lu Lin, Jin Nan Chen, Xiao Bo Li
Journal of Digestive Diseases.2019; 20(3): 135. CrossRef
How to Detect Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyps
Eun Ran Kim, Dong Kyung Chang
Clinical Endoscopy.2018; 51(4): 313. CrossRef

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Review

Endocuff-Assisted Colonoscopy—A Novel Accessory in Improving Adenoma Detection Rate: A Review of the Literature: Rashmee Patil, Mel A. Ona, Emmanuel Ofori, Madhavi Reddy; Clin Endosc 2016;49(6):533-538. Published online May 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.032

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Endocuff (Arc Medical Design) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved device that is attached like a cap to the distal tip of the colonoscope; it is used to improve adenoma detection rates during colonoscopy. The aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate the clinical and technical efficacy of Endocuff in improving adenoma detection rate. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify studies describing this technique. In this review article, we have summarized case series and reports describing Endocuff use and results. The reported indications, results, limitations, and complications are discussed.

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Rossella Palma, Gianluca Andrisani, Gianfranco Fanello, Augusto Lauro, Cristina Panetta, Chiara Eberspacher, Francesco Di Matteo, Samuele Vaccari, Noemi Zorzetti, Vito D’Andrea, Stefano Pontone
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Christian S. Jackson, Chandrasekhar Kesavan, Anjali Das, Erick Imbertson, Richard M. Strong
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 41(3): 300. CrossRef
Técnicas colonoscópicas para la detección de pólipos: un estudio egipcio
M. Abdelbary, S. Hamdy, H. Shehab, N. ElGarhy, M. Menesy, R. Marzaban
Revista de Gastroenterología de México.2021; 86(1): 36. CrossRef
Colonoscopic techniques in polyp detection: An Egyptian study
M. Abdelbary, S. Hamdy, H. Shehab, N. ElGarhy, M. Menesy, R. Marzaban
Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition).2021; 86(1): 36. CrossRef
The Use of Attachment Devices to Aid in Adenoma Detection
Zoe Lawrence, Seth A. Gross
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology.2020; 18(1): 137. CrossRef
Number of significant polyps detected per six-minute withdrawal time at colonoscopy (SP6): a new measure of colonoscopy efficiency and quality
Rajaratnam Rameshshanker, Brian P Saunders
Frontline Gastroenterology.2020; 11(6): 491. CrossRef
EndoCuff‐assisted colonoscopy could improve adenoma detection rate: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Hai Xu Jian, Bing Cheng Feng, Yan Zhang, Jun Yan Qu, Yue Yue Li, Xiu Li Zuo
Journal of Digestive Diseases.2019; 20(11): 578. CrossRef
Sessile Serrated Adenomas: How to Detect, Characterize and Resect
Michael X. Ma, Michael J. Bourke
Gut and Liver.2017; 11(6): 747. CrossRef
En este número
Enrique Murcio Pérez
Endoscopia.2016; 28(4): 135. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Patient with Duodenal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Laterally Spreading Tumor: Myung Joon Chae, Il Hyun Baek, Yu Mi Oh, Jun Uk Lim, Jung Won Jeon, Hyun Phil Shin, Kwang Ro Joo, Joung Il Lee; Clin Endosc 2015;48(4):336-339. Published online July 24, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.4.336

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Primary duodenal carcinoma is rare. Duodenal mucinous adenocarcinoma (DMA) is even rarer, and its associated manifestations and typical endoscopic or imaging findings are not well characterized. Herein, we report a case of primary DMA in an asymptomatic 58-year-old man who visited our hospital for a regular health screening. Upper endoscopy revealed an approximately 4-cm lesion in the second portion of the duodenum, but the mass was not visualized on computed tomography. Biopsies revealed a tubular adenoma that was subsequently resected. Frozen biopsies demonstrated DMA with a background of low-grade tubular adenoma for which we performed Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with DMA in Korea.

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Duodenal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma in a Patient With Immunodeficiency: A Case Report
Timon Sseruwagi, Joel Musinzi, William M Mutumba, Catherine Lewis
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Dongbing Ding, Yao Yao, Songbai Zhang
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Franco Verde, Elliot K. Fishman
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Two Cases of Duodenal Mucinous Carcinoma
Motoki YAMAMOTO, Makoto IWAHASHI, Hiroshi TERASAWA, Shimpei MARUOKA, Yukari TSUBOTA
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic Screening and Surveillance for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Colon Cancer Screening with Image-Enhanced Endoscopy: Bong Min Ko; Clin Endosc 2014;47(6):504-508. Published online November 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.6.504

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and this has led to an increased use of screening colonoscopy. This screening has resulted in long-term risk reduction in asymptomatic individuals. However, endoscopists may fail to detect advanced adenomas or colon cancer during screening. The reasons that adenomas or cancers are missed are thought to be associated with the location of the lesions or the skills of the endoscopist. To address the limitations of white light endoscopy (WLE) for adenoma detection, advanced endoscopic images have recently been used. Image-enhanced endoscopies (IEEs), including the use of topical dyes, optical filtering, and ultramagnification, allow for gastrointestinal lesion analysis. Many studies have compared the adenoma detection rate (ADR) obtained by using WLE and IEE, but with different results. IEE can be used to help the endoscopist to improve their ADR in screening colonoscopy. This review examines the possible roles of image-enhanced colonoscopy in CRC screening.

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Ahmad Amirshaghaghi, Wen-Chi Chang, Bonirath Chhay, Ariane R. Bartolomeu, Margie L. Clapper, Zhiliang Cheng, Andrew Tsourkas
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.2023; 15(28): 33373. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of colorectal cancer screening approaches
N. N. Krylov, E. A. Pyatenko, A. B. Komissarov
Khirurgiya. Zhurnal im. N.I. Pirogova.2017; (11): 92. CrossRef
Developments in Screening Tests and Strategies for Colorectal Cancer
Justin L. Sovich, Zachary Sartor, Subhasis Misra
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Value of screening endoscopy in evaluation of esophageal, gastric and colon cancers
Tae H Ro
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 21(33): 9693. CrossRef

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Review

Diminutive and Small Colorectal Polyps: The Pathologist's Perspective: Yun Kyung Kang; Clin Endosc 2014;47(5):404-408. Published online September 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.5.404

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Recent progress in advanced endoscopic imaging and electronic chromoendoscopy allows the real-time endoscopic estimation of the histologic type of polyps, mainly for the differentiation of adenomas from hyperplastic polyps. Accordingly, a "resect-and-discard" strategy applied to diminutive colorectal polyps is now one of the emerging issues among gastroenterologists. The strategy has a practical advantage in terms of the potential cost savings. However, it has a number of limitations in the medical, academic, and legal aspects. The major pitfalls include the endoscopic investigation of colorectal polyps with a wide variety of histogenetic origins, including serrated polyps, and the lack of a standardized method for polyp size measurement. Another issue is the importance of the pathologic diagnosis for legal purposes and medical research. Moreover, it is not certain whether the implementation of the strategy has economic benefit in countries with an undervalued reimbursement system for pathologic examination. There is no doubt that a highly confident optical diagnosis of polyp type is a novel valuable tool. It can provide a more steady symbiosis between gastroenterologists and pathologists to allow a more evident diagnosis and management of patients with colorectal polyps.

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Colorectal Polyp Image Detection and Classification through Grayscale Images and Deep Learning
Chen-Ming Hsu, Chien-Chang Hsu, Zhe-Ming Hsu, Feng-Yu Shih, Meng-Lin Chang, Tsung-Hsing Chen
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Virtual chromoendoscopy for the real-time assessment of colorectal polyps in vivo: a systematic review and economic evaluation
Joanna Picot, Micah Rose, Keith Cooper, Karen Pickett, Joanne Lord, Petra Harris, Sophie Whyte, Dankmar Böhning, Jonathan Shepherd
Health Technology Assessment.2017; 21(79): 1. CrossRef
Risk Factors of Advanced Adenoma in Small and Diminutive Colorectal Polyp
Yo Han Jeong, Kyeong Ok Kim, Chan Seo Park, Sung Bum Kim, Si Hyung Lee, Byung Ik Jang
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Eun Young Kim, Kwang An Kwon, Il Ju Choi, Ji Kon Ryu, Ki Baik Hahm
Clinical Endoscopy.2014; 47(5): 371. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome Associated with Serrated Adenoma and Malignant Polyp: A Case Report and a Literature Review of 13 Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome Cases in Korea: So Hee Yun, Jin Woong Cho, Ji Woong Kim, Joong Keun Kim, Moon Sik Park, Na Eun Lee, Jae Un Lee, Young Jae Lee; Clin Endosc 2013;46(3):301-305. Published online May 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.3.301

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare nonfamilial polyposis syndrome characterized by epithelial disturbances both in the gastrointestinal tract and in the epidermis. The pathologic finding of the polyp is usually a hamartomatous polyp of the juvenile type; however, the possibility of serrated adenoma associated malignant neoplasm was reported in some Japanese cases. Up till now in South Korea, 13 CCS cases have been reported, but there was no case accompanied by the colon cancer. We report the first case of CCS associated with malignant colon polyp and serrated adenoma in Korea. A 72-year-old male patient who complained of diarrhea and weight loss was presented with both hands and feet nail dystrophy, hyperpigmentation, and alopecia. Endoscopic examination showed numerous hamartomatous polyps from the stomach to the colon. The pathologic results confirmed colon cancer and serrated adenoma. Helicobacter pylori eradication and prednisolone was used. Thus, the authors report this case along with a literature review.

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Mari S. Oba, Yoshitaka Murakami, Yuji Nishiwaki, Keiko Asakura, Satoko Ohfuji, Wakaba Fukushima, Yosikazu Nakamura, Yasuo Suzuki
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Shirin Haghighi, Sima Noorali, Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh
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Compound traditional serrated adenoma and sessile serrated adenoma
Carlos A Rubio, Åsa Edvardsson, Jan Björk, Anne Tuomisto, Timo Väisänen, Markus Mäkinen
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Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome: an unusual finding of gastro-intestinal adenomatous polyps in a syndrome characterized by hamartomatous polyps
Christopher M. Flannery, John A. Lunn
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Yi Qun Yu, Peter James Whorwell, Lin Heng Wang, Jun Xiang Li, Qing Chang, Jie Meng
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Tomas Slavik, Elizabeth Anne Montgomery
Journal of Clinical Pathology.2014; 67(10): 891. CrossRef
A Case of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome Showing Spontaneous Remission
Dong-Uk Kang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Yunsik Choi, Ji-Beom Kim, Ho-Su Lee, Hyo Jeong Lee, Sang Hyoung Park, Kee Wook Jung, Kyung-Jo Kim, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Jin-Ho Kim
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Giant Brunner's Gland Adenoma of the Proximal Jejunum Presenting as Iron Deficiency Anemia and Mimicking Intussusceptions: Chan Soo So, Hyun Joo Jang, Yun Sun Choi, Dong Hee Koh, Min Ho Choi, Sea Hyub Kae, Sun Jung Min, Jin Lee; Clin Endosc 2013;46(1):102-105. Published online January 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.1.102

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Brunner's gland adenoma is a rare benign proliferative lesion developing most commonly in the posterior wall of the duodenum. It is usually small in size and asymptomatic. Depending on its size or location, however, the clinical manifestations of this tumor may be variable from nonspecific symptoms to gastrointestinal bleeding or obstruction. Brunner's gland adenoma in the proximal jejunum is extremely rare. We report a very rare case of giant Brunner's gland adenoma developing in the proximal jejunum which presented as iron deficiency anemia and mimicked intussusceptions on radiologic studies.

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Manar Shmais, Ahmad Mousawi, Fadi Mourad, Ala I. Sharara
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Katrina Collins, Saverio Ligato
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Ayako Ochiai, Shigetaka Tounou, Hiroyuki Fukazawa, Yousuke Muraki, Tomoki Michita
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Şehmus ÖLMEZ, Bünyamin SARITAŞ, Süleyman SAYAR, İbrahim ARAS
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J Sedano, R Swamy, K Jain, S Gupta
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Some observations on pyloric gland adenoma: an uncommon and long ignored entity!
Michael Vieth, Elizabeth Anne Montgomery
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Yunho Jung, Il Kwun Chung, Tae Hoon Lee, Young Sin Cho, Yeong Geol Jo, Sang Heum Park, Hyundeuk Cho, Sun Joo Kim
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Original Article

The Effect of the Bowel Preparation Status on the Risk of Missing Polyp and Adenoma during Screening Colonoscopy: A Tandem Colonoscopic Study: Sung Noh Hong, In Kyung Sung, Jeong Hwan Kim, Won Hyeok Choe, Byung Kook Kim, Soon Young Ko, Jung Hyun Lee, Dong Choon Seol, Su Young Ahn, Sun-Young Lee, Hyung Seok Park, Chan Sup Shim; Clin Endosc 2012;45(4):404-411. Published online November 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2012.45.4.404

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background/Aims

Although a small amount of fecal material can obscure significant colorectal lesions, it has not been well documented whether bowel preparation status affects the missing risk of colorectal polyps and adenomas during a colonoscopy.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled patients with one to nine colorectal polyps and at least one adenoma of >5 mm in size at the screening colonoscopy. Tandem colonoscopy with polypectomy was carried out within 3 months.

Results

A total of 277 patients with 942 polyps and 714 adenomas completed index and tandem examinations. At the index colonoscopy, 187 polyps (19.9%) and 127 adenomas (17.8%) were missed. The per-patient miss rate of polyps and adenomas increased significantly as the bowel cleansing rate declined from excellent to poor/inadequate on the Aronchick scale (polyps, p=0.024; adenomas, p=0.040). The patients with poor/inadequate bowel preparation were independently associated with an increased risk of having missed polyps (odds ratio [OR], 3.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 9.15) or missed adenomas (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.04 to 8.88) compared to the patients with excellent bowel preparation.

Conclusions

The risk of missing polyps and adenomas during screening colonoscopy is significantly affected by bowel preparation status. It seems appropriate to shorten the colonoscopy follow-up interval for patients with suboptimal bowel preparation.

Citations

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Case Report

Adult Intussusception Caused by an Appendiceal Mucocele and Reduced by Colonoscopy: Jong Kyoung Park, Tae Ho Kwon, Hyun Kyu Kim, Jeong Bae Park, Kang Kim, Jeong Ill Suh; Clin Endosc 2011;44(2):133-136. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2011.44.2.133

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Appendiceal intussusception is a very rare disease that is found in only 0.01% of patients who have undergone an appendectomy. Clinical symptoms vary but include acute appendicitis symptoms such as right lower quadrant abdominal pain or repetitive right lower quadrant crampy pain. Some patients are asymptomatic. Operative treatment is necessary to reduce an appendiceal intussusception in adults, but there is a debate about how to perform the reduction. Successful colonoscopic reductions have been recently reported for some cases. We report a case of appendiceal intussusception that was diagnosed, reduced by colonoscopy, and histologically confirmed as a mucinous cystadenoma after the operation.

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Gheorghe Ghidirim, Tatiana Malcova, Elina Șor, Igor Mișin
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Commentary: 3D Laparoscopy-Assisted Operation to Adult Intussusceptions During Perioperative Period of Liver Transplantation: Case Report and Literature Review
Som P. Singh, Kiera G. Borthwick, Fahad M. Qureshi
Frontiers in Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Operative treatment for intussusception: Should an incidental appendectomy be performed?
Andrew Wang, James M Prieto, Erin Ward, Stephen Bickler, Marion Henry, Karen Kling, Hariharan Thangarajah, Romeo Ignacio
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Mucinous Appendiceal Neoplasm Presented as Acute Appendicitis
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Appendiceal intussusception to the cecum caused by mucocele of the appendix: Laparoscopic approach
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Early Adenocarcinoma Arising from Traditional Serrated Adenoma in the Colon: Min Kyung Kim, M.D., Jae Myung Cha, M.D., Sung Jig Lim, M.D., Sunyong Kim, M.D., Jung Min Chae, M.D., Uk Jo, M.D., Kwang Ro Joo, M.D. and Joung Il Lee, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2011;42(2):113-117. Published online February 28, 2011

Abstract PDF: A serrated adenoma is a precursor lesion for some cases of microsatellite unstable colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The serrated neoplasia pathway has been associated with carcinogenesis of serrated adenoma, which is different from the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The serrated neoplasia pathway accounts for 10∼15% of CRCs, and these tumors typically demonstrate microsatellite instability. Cases of a CRC arising from a serrated adenoma have been rarely identified with the recent recognition of the serrated neoplasia pathway. However, these cases are not frequently reported in Korea, because this concept has only been recently emphasized. We report a case of an early adenocarcinoma arising from a traditional serrated adenoma of the colon, which was diagnosed and treated by a colonoscopic polypectomy. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2011;42:113-117)

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Associations between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Colorectal Adenoma in Health Screen Examinees: Won Gyu Choi, M.D., Sang-Jung Kim, M.D., Seok Jin Myung, M.D., Seung Oh Choi, M.D., Jung Hee Kim, M.D., Sang Woon Park, M.D., Sang Jong Park, M.D., Eun Jeong Jang, M.D., Ju Sang Park, M.D., Hyun W. Baik, M.D., Eun Ran Kim, M.D.* and Beom Jin Kim, M.D.^†; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(4):201-207. Published online October 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Background
/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and colorectal cancer share several risk factors. However the relationship between NAFLD and colorectal adenoma is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of an association between NAFLD and colorectal adenoma.
Methods
We reviewed the records of 3,106 subjects who had undergone colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography between April 2007 and August 2009.
Results
The sex ratio (male/female) was 4.94:1 and the mean age was 50.6±9.7 years in patients with colorectal adenoma; the corresponding numbers were 2.23: 1 and 45.0±9.2 years in patients without colorectal adenoma (p＜0.001). The prevalence of NAFLD was 26.0% in the adenoma group and 21.4% in the control group (p=0.013). Additionally, there were positive associations between colorectal adenoma and BMI and lipid profile. Among the risk factors selected by univariate analysis, older age (OR 2.592; 95% CI 2.087∼3.219), and being male (OR 2.470; 95% CI 1.878∼3.247) were independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma. Patients with NAFLD had more colorectal adenomas (p=0.005) and their adenomas were located more in the proximal colon (p=0.009).
Conclusions
NAFLD is not associated with increased risk for colorectal adenoma. However, among patients with NAFLD, colorectal adenomas were likely to be increased in number and they were likely to be located in the proximal colon. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:201-207)

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Endoscopic Resection of an Adenocarcinoma Arising from a Sporadic Tubulovillous Adenoma of the Duodenum: Hwa Young Seok, M.D., Jae Myung Cha, M.D., Joung Il Lee, M.D., Kwang Ro Joo, M.D., Hyun Phil Shin, M.D., Sung Won Jung, M.D. and Na Eun Jang, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(2):108-112. Published online August 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Duodenal tumors may pose diagnostic difficulties in asymptomatic young patients because the duodenum may be overlooked during routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and because duodenal tumors are rare and present non-specific signs and symptoms. Although adenomas are the most common duodenal tumors, adenocarcinoma arising from sporadic tubulovillous adenoma without familial adenomatous polyposis is an uncommon condition in young patients. In patients with sporadic duodenal adenomas, the prevalence of colorectal adenomas is higher than prevalence for the general population. Herein, we report the case of a 27-year male with adenocarcinoma arising from a sporadic tubulovillous adenoma of the duodenum. The tumor was completely resected by endoscopic resection. Synchronous colon adenoma was also detected and treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:108-112)

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A Case of Lymphoid Polyp in the Ampulla of Vater Associated with Tubulopapillary Adenoma: Ji Ho Kim, M.D., Jei So Bang, M.D., Jong Hoon Byun, M.D., Su Hyun Yang, M.D., Sung Hoon Kim, M.D., Ji Sun Jang, M.D. and Yoon Jung Kim, M.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(1):61-64. Published online July 31, 2010

Abstract PDF: Lymphoid polyp is a very rare disease that commonly occurs in the rectum. It is a benign, focal or diffuse lesion that typically occurs where clusters of lymphoid follicles are present. The polyp is composed of well differentiated lymphoid tissue. It can generally be differentiated from malignant lymphoma by the proliferation of normal lymphoid tissue, which has a prominent follicular pattern and a clearly defined germinal center. There have been only a few reports of lymphoid polyps of the rectum, and there have been no reports of lymphoid polyp in the ampulla of Vater. We experienced a case of lymphoid polyp in the ampulla of Vater associated with tubulopapillary adenoma, and the patient first presented with jaundice, weight loss and general weakness. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:61-64)

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A Case of Tubular Adenoma of the Common Hepatic Duct Accompanied with Gallbladder Carcinoma: Jun Ho Choi, M.D., Tae Hoon Lee, M.D., Sang-Heum Park, M.D., Yun Suk Shim, M.D., Chang Kyun Lee, M.D., Suck-Ho Lee, M.D., Sun-Joo Kim, M.D. and Hyun-Deuk Cho, M.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(6):396-400. Published online June 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Biliary adenoma is rarely found in the biliary tract, and there are currently few reported cases of tubular adenoma. Biliary adenoma most often occurs on the duodenal ampulla and the next most common site is on the common bile duct. Because the clinical signs, symptoms and the laboratory findings of these lesions may be similar to malignant biliary diseases, it is difficult to differentiate benign biliary adenoma from malignancy. Therefore, the diagnosis of these tumors tends to be delayed and physicians usually make the pathologic confirmation after a surgical operation. We experienced a case of the simultaneous occurrence of tubular adenoma of the common hepatic duct and gallbladder carcinoma, and all this was diagnosed and treated with common hepatic duct resection and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of biliary tubular adenoma accompanied with gallbladder carcinoma arising from tubulovillous adenoma. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:396-400)

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Clinical Characteristics of Large Brunner's Gland Tumors in Korea: Ji Hun Kang, M.D., Yun Jeong Lim, M.D., Suk Jae Hahn, M.D., Jong Sun Choi, M.D.*, Moon Soo Koh, M.D. and Jin Ho Lee, M.D; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(5):297-302. Published online May 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Background
/Aims: Brunner's gland tumor is a common benign tumor noted in duodenum and might be designated as Brunner's gland hamartoma, adenoma or hyperplasia. But, a large duodenal polyp (over 1 cm in diameter) pathologically proven as a tumor of Brunner's gland origin is rare.
Methods
We analyzed a total of 39 cases including our direct experience of two cases and reports of 37 cases to clarify the clinical features of large Brunner's gland tumors.
Results
This tumor tends to present predominantly after the fourth decade: Median age is 52.6 years. Neither gender showed predominance. The size of the tumor ranged from 1 to 8 cm and the mean diameter was 2.9 cm. The most common location was the bulb. A pedunculated polyp was the common appearance. Epigastric pain was the most common symptom. Brunner's gland tumor can cause gastrointestinal hemorrhage or obstruction. Most of the polyps had non-diagnostic pathologic yield at pinch biopsy and only one case was diagnosed as focal adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic or surgical removal was undertaken for treatment. Most cases had no recurrence after removal. Snare polypectomy or submucosal dissection very safe and useful treatment modalities.
Conclusions
Large Brunner's gland tumors are mostly found during a check up or epigastric pain. Anemia, melena and obstruction often develop. Endoscopic polypectomy is recommended as a first line treatment. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:297-302)

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Pancreatic and Biliary Strictures Associated with Cholangitis and Bile Reflux Following Endoscopic Papillectomy of Ampullary Adenoma: Dae-Geun Song, M.D., Jei So Bang, M.D., Won Hyeong Park, M.D., Tae Gyoon Kim, M.D., Hyun Gyung Park, M.D., Bo Young Min, M.D., Su Hyun Yang, M.D. and Jong Hoon Byun, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39(1):50-54. Published online July 30, 2009

Abstract PDF: Ampullary adenoma is rare but clinically important because it is a premalignant lesion. Use of endoscopic gastroduodenoscopy has increased detection of adenoma of the major duodenal papilla. Endoscopic papillectomy is a promising technique to supplant surgical ampullectomy, because it is less aggressive and more stable. However, various complications include bleeding, perforation, pancreatitis and cholangitis. We describe pancreatic and biliary strictures associated with cholangitis, and bile reflux through the pancreatic duct to the minor duodenal papilla after endoscopic papillectomy. Pancreatic and biliary strictures have not been hitherto reported complications. We performed endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation, minor papilla papillotomy and inserted a drain tube through the accessory pancreatic duct. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39: 50-54)

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A Case of Brunner's Gland Adenoma Causing a Ball-valve Obstruction: Endoscopic Treatment with a Simple Method of Endoclip-assisted Direct Resection with Using an IT-knife: Do Won Choi, M.D., Jin Ki Hwang, M.D., Jong Jae Park, M.D., Jae-Won Yun, M.D., Min-Jung Kwon, M.D., Hyejin Noh, M.D., Jae Seon Kim, M.D. and Young-Tae Bak, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39(1):38-41. Published online July 30, 2009

Abstract PDF: Brunner's gland adenoma is a rare benign tumor that is usually asymptomatic and it the result of a benign proliferation of the Brunner's glands of the duodenum. In symptomatic patients, the common clinical presentation is gastrointestinal bleeding and obstructive symptoms. A 48-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort and vomiting. The endoscopic examination revealed a large pedunculated polypoid mass arising in the bulb and it was prolapsing through the pylorus into the antrum, and this all resulted in a ball-valve obstruction. After endoclips were applied at the peduncle of the mass, this polyp was simply and successfully cut with using an IT-knife without bleeding or perforation. We report here on a case of Brunner's gland adenoma that caused a ball-valve obstruction, and the tumor was removed by a simple and easy method with using endoclips and an IT-knife. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39:38-41)

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Colonic Carcinoma and Tubular Adenoma with High Grade Dysplasia Resembling Submucosal Tumor: Eun Ran Kim, M.D., Dong Kyung Chang, M.D., Kyoung-Mee Kim, M.D.*, Jin Yong Kim, M.D., Young-Ho Kim, M.D., Jae Jun Kim, M.D. and Jong Chul Rhee, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;38(4):229-233. Published online April 30, 2009

Abstract PDF: Colorectal carcinoma arises from the epithelium of the colorectal mucosa, and so it displays various macroscopic appearances with abnormal mucosal changes. But submucosal tumor-like colorectal carcinoma is very rare. We report here on two such cases along with a review of the relevant literature. The first case was submucosal tumor-like colorectal carcinoma that was initially diagnosed as rectal submucosal tumor, but the follow-up endoscopic exam revealed ulceroinfiltrative type adenocarcinoma. The second case was an endoscopically determined polypoid lesion combined with submucosal tumor, but it was found to be tubular adenoma with high grade dysplasia combined with a mucin pool collection in the submucosa after surgical resection. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;38:229- 233)

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