Review
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Undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer: from margin demarcation to complete resection
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Satoru Mizutani
, Seiichiro Abe
, Yutaka Saito
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Received February 17, 2026 Accepted May 8, 2026 Published online August 10, 2026
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2026.062
[Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
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- Gastric cancer remains a major global health burden, particularly in Asia, where widespread implementation of endoscopic screening has increased the detection of early gastric cancer (EGC). With advances in endoscopic techniques, endoscopic resection (ER), especially endoscopic submucosal dissection, has become the standard treatment for EGC with a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Undifferentiated-type EGC (UD-EGC) is associated with a higher risk of LNM than differentiated-type EGC. However, favorable long-term outcomes can be achieved with curative resection. Despite this, accurate endoscopic detection, characterization, and delineation of UD-EGC remain a challenge because of their subtle morphology and unique growth pattern. Image-enhanced endoscopy, particularly magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging, plays an important role in diagnosis and assessment of the lateral extent of the lesion. In Japan, accumulating evidence, including prospective multicenter trials, has led to the classification of intramucosal UD-EGC ≤2 cm without ulceration, as an absolute indication for ER in the latest clinical guidelines. Short and long-term outcomes after curative ER for UD-EGC are comparable to those after surgical resection. This review summarizes the current literature on the diagnosis and endoscopic management of UD-EGC, providing a comparative overview of differences in endoscopic treatment recommendations among international guidelines.
Original Articles
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Treatment procedures for intractable gastroesophageal reflux disease after peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: a retrospective study in South Korea
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Ah Young Lee
, Seong Hwan Kim
, Joo Young Cho
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Clin Endosc 2026;59(4):612-621. Published online July 29, 2026
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2025.253
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: No study has compared the safety and efficacy of anti-reflux mucosal ablation (ARMA), anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS), and Stretta radiofrequency (SRF) for intractable gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).
Methods
Twenty-two patients with post-POEM GERD underwent either ARMA (n=12), ARMS (n=6), or SRF (n=4). GERD questionnaire (GERDQ) score, endoscopic Los Angeles classification, flap valve grade based on Hill’s type EndoFLIP distensibility index (DI), and rate of proton pump inhibitor withdrawal were analyzed and compared. The factors associated with the occurrence of post-POEM intractable GERD were also evaluated.
Results
The ARMS group demonstrated a significant improvement in GERDQ scores after 6 months of follow-up (p=0.04). No significant differences were observed in the endoscopic Los Angeles grade (p=0.68), flap valve grade (p=0.38), or EndoFLIP DI (p=0.15). Type III achalasia and posterior myotomy orientation during POEM were identified as risk factors for reintervention. Postprocedural adverse events (bleeding and stricture) occurred in the ARMA and ARMS groups.
Conclusions
Among the three procedures, ARMS produced the most notable improvement in symptoms, whereas endoscopic esophagitis and EndoFLIP DI did not show a similar improvement.
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Depth of noninjecting resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode for 6 to 9 mm colorectal polyps: a retrospective study in Japan
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Yoshifumi Watanabe
, Mitsuo Tokuhara
, Hidetoshi Nakata
, Hiroko Nakahira
, Ikuko Torii
, Yasumasa Sumitomo
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Clin Endosc 2026;59(1):115-123. Published online December 18, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2025.100
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps reduces mortality from colorectal cancer. We report here a novel resection method, known as noninjecting resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode (NIRBS), and assess its feasibility. This study aimed to compare the resection depth achieved with NIRBS to those achieved with cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR).
Methods
Patients with 6 to 9 mm colorectal polyps underwent endoscopic resection at Hoshigaoka Medical Center between October 2023 and January 2024. We analyzed the thickness of resected submucosal tissue following the use of NIRBS, CSP, and CEMR.
Results
We identified 95 polyps, including adenomas and serrated lesions. The proportions of specimens containing submucosal tissue were 21.4%, 100.0%, and 97.9% in CSP, CEMR, and NIRBS, respectively. The median submucosal tissue thickness for CEMR and NIRBS was 1,167 and 1,125 µm, respectively, which was significantly greater than 0 µm for CSP. For NIRBS, the median thickness was 1,140 and 1,017 µm for the expert and non-expert endoscopists, respectively.
Conclusions
The depth of submucosal resection with NIRBS exceeded 1,000 μm regardless of endoscopist experience. NIRBS can be a useful resection method for patients with colorectal polyps, including those with non-submucosally invasive carcinomas.
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The comparative study of Stretta radiofrequency and anti-reflux mucosectomy in the management of intractable gastroesophageal reflux disease: a single-center retrospective study from Korea
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Ah Young Lee
, Ji Woo Choi
, Jeong Haeng Heo
, Jun Young Chung
, Seong Hwan Kim
, Joo Young Cho
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Clin Endosc 2025;58(3):409-417. Published online May 7, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.163
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) requires symptom relief and treatment of associated conditions. In this study, we aimed to compare anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and Stretta radiofrequency (SRF) for treating patients with chronic GERD who are unresponsive to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and to identify the indications for each procedure.
Methods
Data of patients who underwent ARMS or SRF between March 2021 and April 2023 were analyzed. Changes in GERD questionnaire (GERDQ) scores, endoscopic Los Angeles (LA) grade, flap valve grade (FVG) based on Hill’s type, EndoFLIP distensibility index (DI), endoscopic Barrett’s epithelium (BE) resolution rate, and PPI withdrawal rate were compared between the two groups.
Results
Improvements in the GERDQ scores and PPI withdrawal rates were similar between the groups. The ARMS group showed significantly better changes in endoscopic LA grade, FVG, and EndoFLIP DI than the SRF group. The complications were more prevalent in the ARMS group than in the SRF group.
Conclusions
The change in endoscopic LA grade before and after the procedure was significantly higher in the ARMS group than in the SRF group. Significant improvements in endoscopic FVG, BE resolution, and EndoFLIP DI were observed only with the ARMS group.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Anti-reflux mucosal ablation: A good method for proton pump inhibitor dependent gastroesophageal reflux disease
Jing-yu Zhu, Yi-heng Yao, Ming Qi, Liang Liu
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2026; 45(4): 788. CrossRef - Bridging the Therapeutic Gap: Clinical Efficacy of Endoscopic Radiofrequency Stretta Therapy for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Korea
Yang Won Min
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility.2026; 32(2): 148. CrossRef - Restoring the barrier: endoscopic antireflux mucosal interventions for intractable post-peroral endoscopic myotomy reflux
Do Hoon Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2026; 59(4): 590. CrossRef - Redefining endoscopic management of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: the role of Stretta radiofrequency therapy and antireflux mucosectomy
Yuto Shimamura
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(3): 398. CrossRef - Comment on ‘The comparative study of Stretta radiofrequency and anti-reflux mucosectomy in the management of intractable gastroesophageal reflux disease: a single-center retrospective study from Korea’
Yiheng Yao, Guolei Shi, Liang Liu
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(5): 782. CrossRef - Comments on ‘The comparative study of Stretta radiofrequency and anti-reflux mucosectomy in the management of intractable gastroesophageal reflux disease: a single-center retrospective study from Korea’
Gwang Ha Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(6): 948. CrossRef
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4,717
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144
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6
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Utility of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection combined with a protruding anchor by saline injection for superficial non-ampullary duodenal tumors: a retrospective study in Japan
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Yoshie Nomoto
, Satoshi Shinozaki
, Yoshimasa Miura
, Hiroyuki Osawa
, Yuji Ino
, Tomonori Yano
, Nikolaos Lazaridis
, Hironori Yamamoto
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Clin Endosc 2025;58(4):561-568. Published online March 12, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.181
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) is the standard resection method for superficial non-ampullary duodenal tumors (SNADETs). We developed a novel UEMR technique that creates an anchor by protruding the distal fold with a saline injection (UEMR-A). The aim of this study was to clarify the usefulness of UEMR-A compared to conventional UEMR (UEMR-C).
Methods
This retrospective observational study included patients who underwent UEMR for SNADETs.
Results
A total of 141 patients were included and divided into UEMR-A (n=54) and UEMR-C (n=87) groups. Lesion resection was performed significantly more frequently by an expert endoscopist in the UEMR-C group compared to the UEMR-A group (p<0.001). The procedure time for UEMR-A was significantly shorter than that for UEMR-C (p=0.018), despite the additional time required for submucosal injection. The R0 resection rate was significantly higher in the UEMR-A group than in the UEMR-C group (p=0.004). The horizontal margins were significantly clearer in the UEMR-A group than in the UEMR-C group (p=0.018). Multivariate analysis revealed that the use of UEMR-A was the only significant positive factor for R0 resection.
Conclusions
The UEMR-A technique for SNADETs appears to improve R0 resection rates and reduce procedure times compared to the UEMR-C technique.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Advancement of endoscopic treatment in GI tract
Yoshimasa Miura
Journal of Nihon University Medical Association.2025; 84(3): 119. CrossRef - Evaluation of a modified underwater endoscopic mucosal resection technique for duodenal neoplasms: clinical implications and future directions
Ji Yong Ahn
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(4): 544. CrossRef - Reply to the comments on ‘Utility of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection combined with a protruding anchor by saline injection for superficial non-ampullary duodenal tumors: a retrospective study in Japan'
Hironori Yamamoto, Yoshie Nomoto, Satoshi Shinozaki, Yoshimasa Miura, Hiroyuki Osawa
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(6): 953. CrossRef - A reformative underwater endoscopic mucosal resection technique for superficial non-ampullary duodenal tumors
Yiheng Yao, Guolei Shi, Xingjie Shen, Liang Liu
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(6): 951. CrossRef
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5,381
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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Cold snare polypectomy versus cold endoscopic mucosal resection for small colorectal polyps: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Vishali Moond
, Priyadarshini Loganathan
, Sheza Malik
, Dushyant Singh Dahiya
, Babu P. Mohan
, Daryl Ramai
, Michele McGinnis
, Deepak Madhu
, Mohammad Bilal
, Aasma Shaukat
, Saurabh Chandan
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Clin Endosc 2024;57(6):747-758. Published online August 23, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.081
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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Supplementary Material

- Background
/Aims: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is routinely performed for small colorectal polyps (≤10 mm). However, challenges include insufficient resection depth and immediate bleeding, hindering precise pathological evaluation. We aimed to compare the outcomes of cold endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR) with that of CSP for colorectal polyps ≤10 mm, using data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
Multiple databases were searched in December 2023 for RCTs reporting outcomes of CSP versus CEMR for colorectal polyps ≤10 mm in size. Our primary outcomes were rates of complete and en-bloc resections, while our secondary outcomes were total resection time (seconds) and adverse events, including immediate bleeding, delayed bleeding, and perforation.
Results
The complete resection rates did not significantly differ (CSP, 91.8% vs. CEMR 94.6%), nor did the rates of en-bloc resection (CSP, 98.9% vs. CEMR, 98.3%) or incomplete resection (CSP, 6.7% vs. CEMR, 4.8%). Adverse event rates were similarly insignificant in variance. However, CEMR had a notably longer mean resection time (133.51 vs. 91.30 seconds).
Conclusions
Our meta-analysis of seven RCTs showed that while both CSP and CEMR are equally safe and effective for resecting small (≤10 mm) colorectal polyps, the latter is associated with a longer resection time.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Recent advancement in size measurement during endoscopy
Hye Kyung Jeon, Gwang Ha Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2026; 59(1): 1. CrossRef - Does the size of the cold snare affect the outcome of cold snare polypectomy in the colon? A KASID prospective multicenter study
Seongwoo Choi, Jaeyoung Chun, Geunhyuk Choi, Yoojin Lee, Taegeun Gweon, Yunho Jung
Intestinal Research.2026; 24(1): 76. CrossRef - Iatrogenic colon perforation: endoscopic management or surgery
Seung Bum Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2026; 59(1): 33. CrossRef - Efficacy and safety ranking of endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal polyps: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Shirui Li, Yue Lei, Yunfan Deng, Sheng Dai, Dehai Xiong, Qi Fan, Xiuyang Li
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Histopathologic outcomes comparison between cold snare polypectomy and cold snare EMR for colorectal polyps: a full-thickness serial sectioning analysis
Ran Chen, Shiya Hong, Jie Gao, Zhi Ni, Peichun Peng, Shuling Lai, Xiaoqing Huang, Yueping Zheng, Qingyong Zhang, Tingting Lin, Bo Hu, Rongchun Zhang
Gastroenterology Report.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Effective Polypectomy Practice
Malique Delbrune, Thomas Enke, Mohammad Bilal
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
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13,560
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388
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Case Report
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A rare case of esophageal mucoepidermoid carcinoma successfully treated via endoscopic submucosal dissection
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So Eun Jeun
, Kyung Bin Kim
, Bong Eun Lee
, Gwang Ha Kim
, Moon Won Lee
, Dong Chan Joo
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Clin Endosc 2024;57(5):683-687. Published online June 18, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.051
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Abstract
PDF
- Esophageal mucoepidermoid carcinoma (EMEC) is a special subtype of esophageal malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of all cases of primary esophageal carcinoma. Pathologically, it consists of a mixture of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with mucin-secreting cells. Special staining for mucicarmine helps to diagnose EMEC. We present a rare case of EMEC successfully treated via endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). A 63-year-old man was referred to our tertiary hospital. On esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a 6-mm-sized subtle reddish depressed lesion was identified in the mid-esophagus. Diagnostic ESD was performed with a high suspicion of carcinoma. Histopathologic findings were consistent with EMEC which was confined to the lamina propria without lymphatic invasion. We plan to do a careful follow-up without administering adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Due to the small volume of the lesion, establishing a diagnosis was difficult through forceps biopsy alone. However, by using ESD, we could confirm and successfully treat a rare case of early-stage EMEC.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Ductal Differentiation
Qianqian Li, Yabin Shi, Xu Han, Jialu Zhou, Lin Kang, Huanfen Zhao
International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Insights from literature of esophageal mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a female: A rare case report
Saltuk Bugra Yolburun, Ozlem Ceren Gunizi, Gulsum Ozlem Elpek
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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8,127
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Review
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The role of cap-assisted endoscopy and its future implications
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Sol Kim
, Bo-In Lee
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Clin Endosc 2024;57(3):293-301. Published online February 7, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.051
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Abstract
PDF
- Cap-assisted endoscopy refers to a procedure in which a short tube made of a polymer (mostly transparent) is attached to the distal tip of the endoscope to enhance its diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. It is reported to be particularly useful in: (1) minimizing blind spots during screening colonoscopy, (2) providing a constant distance from a lesion for clear visualization during magnifying endoscopy, (3) accurately assessing the size of various gastrointestinal lesions, (4) preventing mucosal injury during foreign body removal, (5) securing adequate workspace in the submucosal space during endoscopic submucosal dissection or third space endoscopy, (6) providing an optimal approach angle to a target, and (7) suctioning mucosal and submucosal tissue with negative pressure for resection or approximation. Here, we review various applications of attachable caps in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy and their future implications.
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Citations
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- Endoscopic approaches to reduce the incidence of interval colon cancer
Saurabh Chandan
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2026; 103(1): 26. CrossRef - The Optimal Timing and Effectiveness of a Transparent Cap in the Endoscopic Removal of Bony Foreign Bodies From the Esophagus
Sheng-Chun Lin, Ting-Han Wang, Er-Hsiang Yang, Chien-Ming Chiang, Wei-Lun Chang, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Chiung-Yu Chen, Xi-Zhang Lin, Hsueh-Chien Chiang
Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2026; 17(1): e00955. CrossRef - Endoscopic transparent cap assisted hemostasis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Ömer Küçükdemirci, Talat Ayyildiz, Berk Bas, Hasan Eruzun, Nisa Efe, Ahmet Bektas
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - The use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of upper esophageal sphincter spasm: a diagnostic protocol and case series
Barbara Jamróz, Mateusz Szurek, Dorota Wasko-Czopnik
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny.2026; 15(2): 9. CrossRef - Endoscopic Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Yu Jin Kim, Heung Up Kim
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2026; 26(2): 131. CrossRef - Transparent cap scope tamponade: an inexpensive, efficient, and underappreciated maneuver for bleeding visualization and hemostasis
Brandon Rodgers, Swapnil Patel, Matthew T. Moyer
VideoGIE.2025; 10(6): 333. CrossRef - Efficacy and safety of cap-assisted colonoscopy in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for patients after Billroth II gastrectomy
Chun-Xiao Hu, Sheng-Yue Zhou, Xiao-Hua Ye
World Chinese Journal of Digestology.2025; 33(9): 707. CrossRef - Terminal ileum in screening colonoscopy: routine practice or risk-stratified approach?
Seong-Jung Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(5): 696. CrossRef - Gastroscope-assisted oral cavity and nasopharynx examination
Aman Yadav, Benjamin McKillen, Cheng Yu Chen, Robert Hackett, Lukas Witting, Alexander Huelsen
VideoGIE.2025; 10(12): 615. CrossRef - A retrospective single-center study of transnasal ileus tube insertion accompanied with cap-assisted endoscopic advancement for malignant adhesive bowel obstruction
Su-Yu Chen, Rui Huang, Yu Zhang, Zhao-Fei Xie, He Huang, Hong Shi
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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10,830
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411
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Original Article
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Significance of rescue hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection in difficult colorectal cases
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Hayato Yamaguchi
, Masakatsu Fukuzawa
, Takashi Kawai
, Takahiro Muramatsu
, Taisuke Matsumoto
, Kumiko Uchida
, Yohei Koyama
, Akira Madarame
, Takashi Morise
, Shin Kono
, Sakiko Naito
, Naoyoshi Nagata
, Mitsushige Sugimoto
, Takao Itoi
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Clin Endosc 2023;56(6):778-789. Published online July 26, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.268
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material

- Background
/Aims: Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), in which an incision is made around a lesion and snaring is performed after submucosal dissection, has some advantages in colorectal surgery, including shorter procedure time and preventing perforation. However, its value for rescue resection in difficult colorectal ESD cases remains unclear. This study evaluated the utility of rescue hybrid ESD (RH-ESD).
Methods
We divided 364 colorectal ESD procedures into the conventional ESD group (C-ESD, n=260), scheduled hybrid ESD group (SH-ESD, n=69), and RH-ESD group (n=35) and compared their clinical outcomes.
Results
Resection time was significantly shorter in the following order: RH-ESD (149 [90–197] minutes) >C-ESD (90 [60–140] minutes) >SH-ESD (52 [29–80] minutes). The en bloc resection rate increased significantly in the following order: RH-ESD (48.6%), SH-ESD (78.3%), and C-ESD (97.7%). An analysis of factors related to piecemeal resection of RH-ESD revealed that the submucosal dissection rate was significantly lower in the piecemeal resection group (25% [20%–30%]) than in the en bloc resection group (40% [20%–60%]).
Conclusions
RH-ESD was ineffective in terms of curative resection because of the low en bloc resection rate, but was useful for avoiding surgery.
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Citations
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- Management of Large Non-Pedunculated Polyps of the Colon: Practice-Oriented Answers to Clinical Questions
Cecilia Capelli, Alberto Gattuso, Luigi Tuccillo, Marco Di Marco, Leonardo Frazzoni
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(3): 929. CrossRef - Optimal endoscopic treatment for rectal neuroendocrine tumors, confirmed after forceps biopsy: a Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases multicenter, randomized noninferiority trial
Tae-Geun Gweon, Seong-Jung Kim, Dae Seong Myung, Yunho Jung, Jun Lee, Dong-Hoon Yang
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2026; 104(1): 86. CrossRef - Letter to the Editor: Deep margin positivity in small rectal neuroendocrine tumors - pathological insights for post-endoscopic submucosal dissection management
Ling-Feng Zou, Yan Luo, Cheng-Long Wang
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Exploring different techniques for endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastrointestinal lesions: a review of the literature
Giulio Calabrese, Marcello Maida, Darshan Parekh, Yohei Minato, Alessandro Vitello, Alberto Murino, Rui Morais, Emanuele Sinagra, Daryl Ramai, Ken Ohata, Sandro Sferrazza
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2025; 25(7): 755. CrossRef - Salvage Surgery After Non-Curative Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
Felix Aigner, Christoph Skias, David Duller, Sebastian Wisiak, Karin Strohmeyer, Zoltan Horvath, Nicole Koter
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(17): 6343. CrossRef - Safety and efficacy of hybrid versus conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection for removal of gastrointestinal lesions: A meta-analysis
Adnan Bhat, Allah Dad, Kinza Bakht, Muhammad Arham, Humza Saeed, Zahra Ali, Faseeh Haider, Saniya Ishtiaq, Anchit Chauhan, Danyal Bakht, Adil Ahmed, Ali Naseem, Imran Ali Reshi, Dennis Yang, Peter Vassilev Draganov
International Journal of Gastrointestinal Intervention.2025; 14(4): 134. CrossRef - Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection defect closure: promising but still evolving
Yunho Jung
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(6): 856. CrossRef - Planned Hybrid Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection as Alternative for Colorectal Neoplasms: A Propensity Score-Matched Study
Yu-xin Zhang, Xun Liu, Fang Gu, Shi-gang Ding
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2024; 69(3): 949. CrossRef - Understanding hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection subtleties
João Paulo de Souza Pontual, Alexandre Moraes Bestetti, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(6): 738. CrossRef
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7,223
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Review
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Complications of endoscopic resection in the upper gastrointestinal tract
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Takeshi Uozumi
, Seiichiro Abe
, Mai Ego Makiguchi
, Satoru Nonaka
, Haruhisa Suzuki
, Shigetaka Yoshinaga
, Yutaka Saito
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Clin Endosc 2023;56(4):409-422. Published online June 21, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.024
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Abstract
PDF
- Endoscopic resection (ER) is widely utilized as a minimally invasive treatment for upper gastrointestinal tumors; however, complications could occur during and after the procedure. Post-ER mucosal defect leads to delayed perforation and bleeding; therefore, endoscopic closure methods (endoscopic hand-suturing, the endoloop and endoclip closure method, and over-the-scope clip method) and tissue shielding methods (polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue) are developed to prevent these complications. During duodenal ER, complete closure of the mucosal defect significantly reduces delayed bleeding and should be performed. An extensive mucosal defect that comprises three-quarters of the circumference in the esophagus, gastric antrum, or cardia is a significant risk factor for post-ER stricture. Steroid therapy is considered the first-line option for the prevention of esophageal stricture, but its efficacy for gastric stricture remains unclear. Methods for the prevention and management of ER-related complications in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum differ according to the organ; therefore, endoscopists should be familiar with ways of preventing and managing organ-specific complications.
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Citations
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Xu-ming Liu, Yu-xuan Qi, Jian-yong Zheng, Si-qi Hao, Wen-wen Hao, Yi Du, Wen-jing Li, Li-xin An
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine.2026; 32(8): 720. CrossRef - Nationwide Survey on Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer in Korea: Results From the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research (KCHUGR) 2023 Survey
Jae Yong Park, Jeong Hoon Lee, Tae-Se Kim, Da Hyun Jung, Bong Eun Lee, Yonghoon Choi, Wan-Sik Lee, Young-Il Kim, Sun Hyung Kang, Hyunsoo Chung, Su Jin Kim, Joon Sung Kim, Donghoon Kang, Su Youn Nam, Seung Han Kim, Hyo-Joon Yang, Hyun Lim, Jin Lee, Seon-Yo
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2026; 26(1): 50. CrossRef - Nationwide Survey on Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer in Korea: Results From the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research (KCHUGR) 2023 Survey
Jae Yong Park, Jeong Hoon Lee, Tae-Se Kim, Da Hyun Jung, Bong Eun Lee, Yonghoon Choi, Wan-Sik Lee, Young-Il Kim, Sun Hyung Kang, Hyunsoo Chung, Su Jin Kim, Joon Sung Kim, Donghoon Kang, Su Youn Nam, Seung Han Kim, Hyo-Joon Yang, Hyun Lim, Jin Lee, Seon-Yo
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2026; 26(2): 169. CrossRef - Metformin for preventing esophageal stricture after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection in a canine model
Ling Yang, Binbin Xu, Chunwei Fan, Yuju Huang, Li Yu
Gastroenterology Report.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Feasibility of Zeosuture M for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection defect closure during anticoagulation: a preclinical porcine study from Japan
Yohei Minato, Tadateru Maehata, Yoshinori Sato, Fumio Itoh, Ken Ohata, Keisuke Tateishi
Clinical Endoscopy.2026; 59(4): 593. CrossRef - Mitigating risk following upper gastrointestinal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: preventing bleeding, perforation and stricture formation
Giulio Calabrese, Rossella Maresca, Livio Bonacci, Tommaso Rozera, Giuseppe Spinosa, Federico Barbaro, Sandro Sferrazza
Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology.2026; : 102126. CrossRef - The Current Landscape of Endoscopic Submucosal Training in the United States
Mike T. Wei, Shai Friedland, Joo Ha Hwang
Current Gastroenterology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Gastric polyps are not created equal: Know your enemy
Fady Daniel
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Endoscopic Resection for Superficial Non-Ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
Hye Kyung Jeon, Gwang Ha Kim
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A.A. Paratovskaya, M.Yu. Agapov, N.A. Belinskaya, T.F. Savostyanov, E.E. Topuzov
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Sun Mi Lee, Ji Young Kim
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Shuo-Hui Li, Wei-Wei Niu, Xiao-Xia Huo, Hong Zhang, Li-Min Shi, Ya-Ting Liu, Jia-Jing Xing, Zhi-Xin Feng, Na Wang
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Endoscopic closure for mucosal defects after endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal tumors
Gwang Ha Kim
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Original Article
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Evaluation of a new method, “non-injection resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode (NIRBS)”, for colonic adenomatous lesions
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Mitsuo Tokuhara
, Masaaki Shimatani
, Kazunari Tominaga
, Hiroko Nakahira
, Takuya Ohtsu
, Katsuyasu Kouda
, Makoto Naganuma
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Clin Endosc 2023;56(5):623-632. Published online May 18, 2023
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.200
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material

- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic resection of all colorectal adenomatous lesions with a low complication rate, simplicity, and negative residuals is challenging. Hence, we developed a new method called “non-injection resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode (NIRBS)” method, adapted for colorectal lesions. In addition, we evaluated the effectiveness of this method.
Methods
We performed NIRBS throughout a 12-month period for all colorectal lesions which snare resection was acceptable without cancerous lesions infiltrating deeper than the submucosal layer.
Results
A total of 746 resected lesions were included in the study, with a 4.5 mm mean size (range, 1–35 mm). The major pathological breakdowns were as follows: 64.3% (480/746) were adenomas, and 5.0% (37/746) were intraepithelial adenocarcinomas (Tis lesions). No residuals were observed in any of the 37 Tis lesions (mean size, 15.3 mm). Adverse events included bleeding (0.4%) but no perforation.
Conclusions
NIRBS allowed the resection of multiple lesions with simplicity because of the non-injection and without perforating due to the minimal burn effect of the bipolar snare set in the soft coagulation mode. Therefore, NIRBS can be used to resect adenomatous lesions easily, including Tis lesions, from small to large lesions without leaving residuals.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Depth of noninjecting resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode for 6 to 9 mm colorectal polyps: a retrospective study in Japan
Yoshifumi Watanabe, Mitsuo Tokuhara, Hidetoshi Nakata, Hiroko Nakahira, Ikuko Torii, Yasumasa Sumitomo
Clinical Endoscopy.2026; 59(1): 115. CrossRef - International Digestive Endoscopy Network consensus on the management of antithrombotic agents in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy
Seung Joo Kang, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang Seok Bang, Cheol Min Shin, Young-Hoon Jeong, Miyoung Choi, Joo Ha Hwang, Yutaka Saito, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Rungsun Rerknimitr, Christopher Khor, Vu Van Khien, Kee Don Choi, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Oh Young Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2024; 57(2): 141. CrossRef - IDEN Consensus on Management of Antithrombotic Agents in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Seung Joo Kang, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang Seok Bang, Cheol Min Shin, Young-Hoon Jeong, Miyoung Choi, Joo Ha Hwang, Yutaka Saito, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Rungsun Rerknimitr, Christopher Khor, Vu Van Khien, Kee Don Choi, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Oh Young Lee
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 83(6): 217. CrossRef - International Digestive Endoscopy Network Consensus on the Management of Antithrombotic Agents in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Seung Joo Kang, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang Seok Bang, Cheol Min Shin, Young-Hoon Jeong, Miyoung Choi, Joo Ha Hwang, Yutaka Saito, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Rungsun Rerknimitr, Christopher Khor, Vu Van Khien, Kee Don Choi, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Oh Young Lee
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(5): 764. CrossRef - A method of “Noninjecting Resection using Bipolar Soft coagulation mode; NIRBS” for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumor: a pilot study
Mitsuo Tokuhara, Yasushi Sano, Yoshifumi Watanabe, Hidetoshi Nakata, Hiroko Nakahira, Shingo Furukawa, Takuya Ohtsu, Naohiro Nakamura, Takashi Ito, Ikuko Torii, Takeshi Yamashina, Masaaki Shimatani, Makoto Naganuma
BMC Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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7,537
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Reviews
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Endoscopic treatment for rectal neuroendocrine tumor: which method is better?
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Seung Min Hong
, Dong Hoon Baek
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Clin Endosc 2022;55(4):496-506. Published online July 11, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.115
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Abstract
PDF
- Recently, research on rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has increased during the last few decades. Rectal NETs measuring <10 mm without atypical features and confined to the submucosal layer have only 1% risk of metastasis, and the long-term survival probability of patients without metastasis at the time of diagnosis is approximately 100%. Therefore, the current guidelines suggest endoscopic resection of rectal NETs of <10 mm is regarded as a safe therapeutic option. However, there are currently no clear recommendations for technique selection for endoscopic resection. The choice of treatment modality for rectal NETs should be based on the lesion size, endoscopic characteristics, grade of differentiation, depth of vertical involvement, lymphovascular invasion, and risk of metastasis. Moreover, the complete resection rate, complications, and experience at the center should be considered. Modified endoscopic mucosal resection is the most suitable resection method for rectal NETs of <10 mm, because it is an effective and safe technique that is relatively simple and less time-consuming compared with endoscopic submucosal dissection. Endoscopic submucosal dissection should be considered when the tumor size is >10 mm, suctioning is not possible due to fibrosis in the lesion, or when the snaring for modified endoscopic mucosal resection does not work well.
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Current Treatment Strategy for Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
-
Tetsuya Suwa
, Kohei Takizawa
, Noboru Kawata
, Masao Yoshida
, Yohei Yabuuchi
, Yoichi Yamamoto
, Hiroyuki Ono
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Clin Endosc 2022;55(1):15-21. Published online September 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.141
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Abstract
PDF
- Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment method for esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. However, it has not been standardized for duodenal lesions because of its high complication rates. Recently, minimally invasive and simple methods such as cold snare polypectomy and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection have been utilized more for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs). Although the rate of complications associated with duodenal ESD has been gradually decreasing because of technical advancements, performing ESD for all SNADETs is unnecessary. As such, the appropriate treatment plan for SNADETs should be chosen according to the lesion type, patient condition, and endoscopist’s skill.
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Hye Kyung Jeon, Gwang Ha Kim
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Yoshie Nomoto, Satoshi Shinozaki, Yoshimasa Miura, Hiroyuki Osawa, Yuji Ino, Tomonori Yano, Nikolaos Lazaridis, Hironori Yamamoto
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Mitsuo Tokuhara, Yasushi Sano, Yoshifumi Watanabe, Hidetoshi Nakata, Hiroko Nakahira, Shingo Furukawa, Takuya Ohtsu, Naohiro Nakamura, Takashi Ito, Ikuko Torii, Takeshi Yamashina, Masaaki Shimatani, Makoto Naganuma
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Original Articles
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Endoscopic Suturing for the Prevention and Treatment of Complications Associated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Large Duodenal Adenomas
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Jaeil Chung
, Kelly Wang
, Alexander Podboy
, Srinivas Gaddam
, Simon K. Lo
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Clin Endosc 2022;55(1):95-100. Published online March 3, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.281
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the primary treatment for duodenal adenomas; however, it is associated with a high risk of perforation and bleeding, especially with larger lesions. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic suturing (ES) for the closure of mucosal defects after duodenal EMR.
Methods
Consecutive adult patients who underwent ES of large mucosal defects after EMR of large (>2 cm) duodenal adenomas were retrospectively enrolled. The OverStitch ES system was employed for closing mucosal defects after EMR. Clinical outcomes and complications, including delayed bleeding and perforation, were documented.
Results
During the study period, ES of mucosal defects was performed in seven patients in eight sessions (six for prophylaxis and two for the treatment of perforation). All ES sessions were technically successful. No early or delayed post-EMR bleeding was recorded. In addition, no clinically obvious duodenal stricture or recurrence was encountered on endoscopic follow-up evaluation, and no patients required subsequent surgical intervention.
Conclusions
ES for the prevention and treatment of duodenal perforation after EMR is technically feasible, safe, and effective. ES should be considered an option for preventing or treating perforations associated with EMR of large duodenal adenomas.
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VideoGIE.2024; 9(1): 42. CrossRef - Stapfer I and II duodenal perforations after endoscopic procedures: how surgical delay impacts outcomes
Quentin Chenevas-Paule, Anaïs Palen, Marc Giovannini, Jacques Ewald, Jean Philippe Ratone, Fabrice Caillol, Solène Hoibian, Yanis Dahel, Olivier Turrini, Jonathan Garnier
Surgical Endoscopy.2024; 38(11): 6614. CrossRef - Through-the-scope suture closure of nonampullary duodenal endoscopic mucosal resection defects: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Jose Antonio Almario, Linda Y. Zhang, Jonathan Cohen, Gregory B. Haber, Hemchand Ramberan, Andrew C. Storm, Stuart Gordon, Jeffrey M. Adler, Heiko Pohl, Alexander Schlachterman, Anand Kumar, Shailendra Singh, Bashar Qumseya, Peter V. Draganov, Nikhil A. K
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Leonardo Yoshio Sato, Yoshitaka Hata, Mitsuru Esaki, Eikichi Ihara, Shiho Tajiri, Tomohiko Moriyama, Yosuke Minoda
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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(11): 684. CrossRef
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Efficacy of Underwater Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Superficial Non-Ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumor
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Masanori Furukawa
, Akira Mitoro
, Takahiro Ozutumi
, Yukihisa Fujinaga
, Keisuke Nakanishi
, Koh Kitagawa
, Soichiro Saikawa
, Sinya Sato
, Yasuhiko Sawada
, Hiroaki Takaya
, Kosuke Kaji
, Hideto Kawaratani
, Tadashi Namisaki
, Kei Moriya
, Takemi Akahane
, Junichi Yamao
, Hitoshi Yoshiji
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Clin Endosc 2021;54(3):371-378. Published online February 18, 2021
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.147
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic resection (ER) for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) is challenging. Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR) is also problematic due to the anatomical features of the duodenum. We compared the safety and efficacy of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) with those of CEMR through a retrospective analysis.
Methods
Altogether, 44 consecutive patients with 46 SNADETs underwent ER (18 CEMR cases and 28 UEMR cases) between January 2016 and October 2019. We investigated the proportions of en bloc resection, R0 resection, complications, resection time, and total procedure time and compared the outcomes of patients from the CEMR group with those of patients from the UEMR group.
Results
The median tumor size was 8.0 mm (range, 2.0–20.0 mm). The UEMR group showed a higher proportion of en bloc resection (96.4% vs. 72.2%, p<0.05) and significantly lower median resection time and total procedure time (4 min vs. 9.5 min, p<0.05 and 13 min vs. 19 min, p<0.05; respectively) than the CEMR group. No complications were observed. However, two patients treated with piecemeal resection in the CEMR group had residual tumors.
Conclusions
UEMR is a feasible therapeutic option for SNADETs. It can be recommended as a standard treatment.
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Citations
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Daniel von Renteln, Douglas K. Rex, Heiko Pohl, Nikhil A. Kumta, Shannon Chan, Marvin Ryou, Zaheer Nabi, Ping Hong Zhou, Haruhiro Inoue, Joyce A. Peetermans, Matthew J. Rousseau, Jeffrey D. Mosko
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Federico Barbaro, Luigi Giovanni Papparella, Michele Francesco Chiappetta, Tommaso Schepis, Rossella Maresca, Livio Enrico Del Vecchio, Cristina Ciuffini, Silvia Pecere, Lucio Petruzziello, Guido Costamagna, Cristiano Spada
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 37(4): 439. CrossRef - Comparison of the resection depth between endoscopic mucosal resection and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial non‐ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors: A retrospective study
Toshiki Horii, Yohei Harada, Gen Kitahara, Takuya Wada, Akinori Watanabe, Kenji Ishido, Hisatomo Ikehara, Chika Kusano
DEN Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Tip‐In Underwater Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors ≤ 20 mm
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Yosuke Toya, Masaki Endo, Masanao Yamazato, Shun Yamada, Tomo Kumei, Minami Hirai, Makoto Eizuka, Toshifumi Morishita, Risaburo Akasaka, Shunichi Yanai, Noriyuki Uesugi, Tamotsu Sugai, Takayuki Matsumoto
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31
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31
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Diode Laser—Can It Replace the Electrical Current Used in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection?
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Yunho Jung
, Gwang Ho Baik
, Weon Jin Ko
, Bong Min Ko
, Seong Hwan Kim
, Jin Seok Jang
, Jae-Young Jang
, Wan-Sik Lee
, Young Kwan Cho
, Sun Gyo Lim
, Hee Seok Moon
, In Kyung Yoo
, Joo Young Cho
-
Clin Endosc 2021;54(4):555-562. Published online January 13, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.229
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
- Background
/Aims: A new medical fiber-guided diode laser system (FDLS) is expected to offer high-precision cutting with simultaneous hemostasis. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using the 1,940-nm FDLS to perform endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal model.
Methods
In this prospective animal pilot study, gastric and colorectal ESD using the FDLS was performed in ex vivo and in vivo porcine models. The completeness of en bloc resection, the procedure time, intraprocedural bleeding, histological injuries to the muscularis propria (MP) layer, and perforation were assessed.
Results
The en bloc resection and perforation rates in the ex vivo study were 100% (10/10) and 10% (1/10), respectively; those in the in vivo study were 100% (4/4) and 0% for gastric ESD and 100% (4/4) and 25% (1/4) for rectal ESD, respectively. Deep MP layer injuries tended to occur more frequently in the rectal than in the gastric ESD cases, and no intraprocedural bleeding occurred in either group.
Conclusions
The 1,940-nm FDLS was capable of yielding high en bloc resection rates without intraprocedural bleeding during gastric and colorectal ESD in animal models.
-
Citations
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- Sequential injection-electrocoagulation vs. traditional electrocoagulation haemostasis during endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized controlled trial
Zi-yi Ma, Zhen Yang, Jia Liu, Xue Peng, Xu-biao Nie, Pai-pai Qi, Quan-bing Jiang, Wei-Hao Kok, En Liu, Chao-qiang Fan
Surgical Endoscopy.2025; 39(7): 4633. CrossRef - Thermal Ablation (Laser vs. Argon Plasma Coagulation) for the Treatment of Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse: An in vivo Study in Bama Miniature Pigs
Faming Liu, Jiyang Li, Ting Wang, Bing Xue, Yishan Lv, Jie Zhang, Felix J.F. Herth
Respiration.2025; 105(2): 294. CrossRef - Use of Diode Laser in Hysteroscopy for the Management of Intrauterine Pathology: A Systematic Review
Andrea Etrusco, Giovanni Buzzaccarini, Antonio Simone Laganà, Vito Chiantera, Salvatore Giovanni Vitale, Stefano Angioni, Maurizio Nicola D’Alterio, Luigi Nappi, Felice Sorrentino, Amerigo Vitagliano, Tommaso Difonzo, Gaetano Riemma, Liliana Mereu, Alessa
Diagnostics.2024; 14(3): 327. CrossRef - Recent advances in endoscopic management of gastric neoplasms
Hira Imad Cheema, Benjamin Tharian, Sumant Inamdar, Mauricio Garcia-Saenz-de-Sicilia, Cem Cengiz
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 15(5): 319. CrossRef - Safety and efficacy of dual emission endoscopic laser treatment in patients with upper or lower gastrointestinal vascular lesions causing chronic anemia: results from the first multicenter cohort study
Gian Eugenio Tontini, Lorenzo Dioscoridi, Alessandro Rimondi, Paolo Cantù, Flaminia Cavallaro, Aurora Giannetti, Luca Elli, Luca Pastorelli, Francesco Pugliese, Massimiliano Mutignani, Maurizio Vecchi
Endoscopy International Open.2022; 10(04): E386. CrossRef
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7,726
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166
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6
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5
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Case Reports
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Successful Endoscopic Resection of Residual Colonic Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma after Polypectomy
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Jeongmin Choi
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Clin Endosc 2021;54(5):759-762. Published online November 6, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.233
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Abstract
PDF
- Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are typically found in the stomach, while colonic MALT lymphoma is rarely found. Considering its rarity, definitive treatment of colonic MALT lymphoma has not been established. Different from that in the stomach, Helicobacter pylori infection might play a minor role while determining the treatment of colonic MALT lymphoma. If colonic MALT lymphoma is localized, treatment options are surgical resection, radiation, endoscopic resection, or combination therapy. Here, we report a case of residual colonic MALT lymphoma after endoscopic mucosal resection, which was a 1.5-cm-sized tumor confined to the superficial wall of the rectum. The lesion was successfully treated using the endoscopic submucosal dissection technique. The patient remained disease-free for 4 years. This case provides rationale for endoscopic submucosal dissection treatment as a salvage therapy for residual tumors in properly selected patients with colonic MALT lymphoma.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Risk-stratified clinical management of primary colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma based on endoscopic morphology
Kyoung Wan Kim, Minjee Kim, Sung Noh Hong, Dong Kyung Chang, Young Ho Kim, Eun Ran Kim, Ji Eun Kim
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2026; : 1. CrossRef - A 12 mm-sized rectal subepithelial tumor: uncommon, but one you must know
Seong-Jung Kim, Jun Lee
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(3): 485. CrossRef - A rare cause of hematochezia: colonic extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALToma): A case report and literature review
Chien-Hung Lu, Wei-Yu Kao, Chun-Chao Chang, Yu-An Kan
Medicine.2023; 102(21): e33869. CrossRef - Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma in the Gastrointestinal Tract in the Modern Era
Eri Ishikawa, Masanao Nakamura, Akira Satou, Kazuyuki Shimada, Shotaro Nakamura
Cancers.2022; 14(2): 446. CrossRef - Successful Endoscopic Resection of Primary Rectal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Case Report
Jian Han, Zhe Zhu, Chao Zhang, Hua-ping Xie
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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7,841
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122
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6
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5
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Underwater Endoscopic Mucosal Resection without Submucosal Injection Facilitates En bloc Resection of Colon Adenomas Extending into a Diverticulum
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Yoshikazu Hayashi
, Masahiro Okada
, Takaaki Morikawa
, Tatsuma Nomura
, Hisashi Fukuda
, Takahito Takezawa
, Alan Kawarai Lefor
, Hironori Yamamoto
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Clin Endosc 2021;54(3):436-440. Published online November 6, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.168
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
- Superficial colonic neoplasms sometimes extend into a diverticulum. Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection of these lesions is considered challenging because colonic diverticula do not have a muscularis propria and are deeply inverted. Even if the solution is carefully injected below the mucosa at the bottom of the diverticulum, the mucosa is rarely elevated from the diverticular orifice, and it is usually just narrowed. Although endoscopic submucosal dissection or full-thickness resection with an over-the-scope clip device enables the complete resection of these lesions, it is still challenging, time consuming and expensive. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection without submucosal injection (UEMR) is an innovative technique enabling en bloc resection of superficial colon lesions. We report three patients with colon adenomas extending into a diverticulum treated with successful UEMR. UEMR enabled rapid and safe en bloc resection of colon lesions extending into a diverticulum.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Efficacy and safety of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) for non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: a prospective study IN Vietnam
Tran Kinh Thanh, Nguyen Trong Man Dat, Huynh Dao Nhat Huy, Tran Vy Thao, Phi Duong Nguyen
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications.2026; 48: 101290. CrossRef - Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal lesions: Can it be an “Underwater” revolution?
Yoji Takeuchi, Satoki Shichijo, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara
DEN Open.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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7,600
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150
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2
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Review
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Photodynamic Therapy for Esophageal Cancer
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Takahiro Inoue
, Ryu Ishihara
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Clin Endosc 2021;54(4):494-498. Published online May 19, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.073
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Abstract
PDF
- Photodynamic therapy, a curative local treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, involves a photosensitizing drug (photosensitizer) with affinity for tumors and a photodynamic reaction triggered by laser light. Previously, photodynamic therapy was used to treat superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma judged to be difficult to undergo endoscopic resection. Recently, photodynamic therapy has mainly been performed for local failure after chemoradiotherapy. Although surgery is the most promising treatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy, its morbidity and mortality rates are high. Endoscopic resection is feasible for local failure after chemoradiotherapy but requires advanced skills, and its indication is limited to within the submucosal layer by depth. Photodynamic therapy is less invasive than surgery and has a wider indication than endoscopic resection. Porfimer sodium (a first-generation photosensitizer) causes a high frequency of side effects related to photosensitivity and requires the long-term sunshade period. Talaporfin (a second-generation photosensitizer) requires a much shorter sun-shade period than porfimer sodium. Photodynamic therapy will profoundly change treatment strategies for local failure after chemoradiotherapy.
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Original Article
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Efficacy and Safety of Complete Endoscopic Resection of Colorectal Neoplasia Using a Stepwise Endoscopic Protocol with SOUTEN, a Novel Multifunctional Snare
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Shinji Yoshii
, Marina Kubo
, Mio Matsumoto
, Takefumi Kikuchi
, Yasunari Takakuwa
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Clin Endosc 2020;53(2):206-212. Published online February 27, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.117
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
- Background
/Aims: A multifunctional snare SOUTEN has a sharp tip at the top of the snare loop that enables incision of the mucosa, dissection of the submucosal layer, and snaring of lesion. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of complete endoscopic resection of colorectal neoplasia using SOUTEN.
Methods
We analyzed the rates of gross en bloc resection and complete resections of 108 consecutive tumors from 69 patients resected by precutting endoscopic mucosal resection (precutting), hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (hybrid), or conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (conventional) using SOUTEN.
Results
Out of the 108 tumors, 50 were resected by precutting, 27 were resected by hybrid after attempting precutting, and the remaining 31 were resected by conventional after attempting precutting and hybrid resections. The median tumor sizes were 14.5 mm for precutting, 16.4 mm for hybrid, and 21.1 mm for conventional. The success rate of gross en bloc resection and histological complete resection were 100% and 94.0% for precutting, 96.4% and 96.4% for hybrid, and 100% and 100% for conventional method, respectively. No procedure-related complication occurred.
Conclusions
By using SOUTEN, precutting and hybrid were successfully performed on 10–30 mm tumors with a shorter procedure time than conventional without major complications.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

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Aamir Saeed, Saira Yousuf, Ahmad Zain, Muhammad Kashif, Sultan Mahmood, Umar Hayat, Azizullah Beran, Nasir Saleem, Yasi Xiao, Anand Kumar, Alexander Schlachterman, Thomas Kowalski, Mark Radlinski, Thiruvengadam Muniraj, Faisal Kamal
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2026; 38(6): 699. CrossRef - The efficacy and safety of precutting-endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yi Chen, Zhengjie Wu
Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies.2025; 34(3): 177. CrossRef - Precut mucosectomy versus endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal lesions sized 10–30 mm: meta-analysis and systematic review
Miriam Chinzon, Mateus Bond Boghossian, Matheus de Oliveira Veras, Evellin Souza Valentim dos Santos, Daryl Ramai, Larissa Mercadante de Assis, Vitor Hernandes Lopes, Nelson Miyajima, Wanderley Marques Bernardo, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura
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Adnan Bhat, Allah Dad, Kinza Bakht, Muhammad Arham, Humza Saeed, Zahra Ali, Faseeh Haider, Saniya Ishtiaq, Anchit Chauhan, Danyal Bakht, Adil Ahmed, Ali Naseem, Imran Ali Reshi, Dennis Yang, Peter Vassilev Draganov
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Shinji Yoshii, Takefumi Kikuchi, Yuki Hayashi, Masahiro Nojima, Hiro-o Yamano, Hiroshi Nakase
Techniques and Innovations in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 25(2): 135. CrossRef - Standard Endoscopic Mucosal Resection vs Precutting Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Using Novel Disk-Tip Snare for Colorectal Lesions
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Focused Review Series: Cutting Edge of Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy
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Present Status of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Non-Ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
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Naomi Kakushima
, Masao Yoshida
, Yohei Yabuuchi
, Noboru Kawata
, Kohei Takizawa
, Yoshihiro Kishida
, Sayo Ito
, Kenichiro Imai
, Kinichi Hotta
, Hirotoshi Ishiwatari
, Hiroyuki Matsubayashi
, Hiroyuki Ono
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Clin Endosc 2020;53(6):652-658. Published online January 15, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.184
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Abstract
PDF
- Prediction of histology by endoscopic examination is important in the clinical management of non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (NADETs), including adenoma and adenocarcinoma. The use of a simple scoring system based on the findings of white-light endoscopy or magnified endoscopy with narrow-band imaging is useful to differentiate between Vienna category 3 (C3) and C4/5 lesions. Less invasive endoscopic resection procedures, such as cold snare polypectomy, are quick to perform and convenient for small (<10 mm) C3 lesions. Neoplasms with higher grade histology, such as C4/5 lesions, should be treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or surgery. Although EMR often requires piecemeal resection, the complication rate is acceptable. Excellent complete resection rates could be achieved by ESD; however, it remains a challenging method considering the high risk of complications. Shielding or closure of the ulcer after ESD is effective at decreasing the risk of delayed bleeding and perforation. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery is an ideal treatment with a high rate of en bloc resection and a low rate of complications, although it is limited to high-volume centers. Patients with NADETs could benefit from a multidisciplinary approach to stratify the optimal treatment based on endoscopic diagnoses.
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Case Report
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A Case of Concurrent Ampullary Adenoma and Gangliocytic Paraganglioma at the Minor Papilla Treated with Endoscopic Resection
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Jun Kwon Ko
, Do Hyun Park
, Hee Sang Hwang
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(4):382-386. Published online April 12, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.198
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Abstract
PDF
- A gangliocytic paraganglioma is a benign tumor of the digestive system with a very low incidence. The tumor is histopathologically characterized by a triphasic pattern consisting of epithelioid, ganglion, and spindle-shaped Schwann cells. In most cases, it occurs in the second portion of the duodenum near the ampulla of Vater. We report a case of a gangliocytic paraganglioma occurring at the minor duodenal papilla (a rare location) with a concurrent adenoma of the ampulla of Vater. Both lesions were treated simultaneously using endoscopic resection. Additionally, we have presented a literature review.
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Risa Nakamura, Yoshitaka Nawata, Tomoaki Naka, Kimihiro Igarashi, Toru Okuzono, Mareyuki Endo, Tomoki Matsuda
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Jilong Wang, Kuiliang Liu, Bing Yue, Muchen Ren, Fujing Lv, Yongjun Wang, Peng Li, Shutian Zhang
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Undifferentiated-Type Early Gastric Cancers
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Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis in Undifferentiated-Type Gastric Carcinoma
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Myeong-Cherl Kook
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(1):15-20. Published online January 25, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.193
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Abstract
PDF
- Undifferentiated-type carcinoma has a high incidence of lymph node metastasis. The independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in undifferentiated-type carcinoma are invasion depth, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of ulcer. In the cases that meet the curative resection criteria, no lymph node metastasis was observed in the Japanese studies, but some metastases were observed in Korean studies. After performing curative endoscopic submucosal dissection, the survival rate is similar to that of gastrectomy. The discrepancy between endoscopy and pathology is high in undifferentiated-type carcinoma. The tumor size in endoscopy is a significant risk factor for non-curative resection, and when the tumor size is small, the non-curative resection rate is significantly reduced. Lymphovascular invasion can be assessed in pathologic examination and D2-40 stain is helpful. The presence of ulcer should be determined by pathology, but ulcer’s omission in pathology report makes the analysis difficult. Undifferentiatedtype carcinomas with differentiated-type components show higher lymph node metastasis rate than that of pure undifferentiatedtype carcinomas. The lymph node metastasis rate of signet ring cell type is lower than that of other undifferentiated-type carcinomas and is similar to differentiated-type carcinomas. The application of these additional histologic findings may improve the indication of endoscopic submucosal dissection.
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Medicine.2022; 101(50): e32085. CrossRef - Impact of the Interval between Previous Endoscopic Exam and Diagnosis on the Mortality and Treatment Modality of Undifferentiated-Type Gastric Cancer
Ayoung Lee, Hyunsoo Chung, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Soo-Jeong Cho, Jue Lie Kim, Hye Seong Ahn, Yun-Suhk Suh, Seong-Ho Kong, Hwi Nyeong Choe, Han-Kwang Yang, Sang Gyun Kim
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Strategy for Curative Endoscopic Resection of Undifferentiated-Type Early Gastric Cancer
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Jie-Hyun Kim
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(1):9-14. Published online January 24, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.199
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Abstract
PDF
- Endoscopic resection (ER) of undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer (UD-EGC) has a lower curative resection (CR) rate than differentiated-type EGC. However, if UD-EGC is curatively resected using ER, long-term outcomes can be favorable. Thus, the strategy for CR by ER is important in UD-EGC. To achieve CR in UD-EGC, biological behaviors including tumor growth patterns must be considered. This review aims to describe what is important for curative ER of UD-EGC.
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Citations
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- Long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection followed by additional surgery after non-curative resection in undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer: a nationwide multi-center study
Jie-Hyun Kim, Young-Il Kim, Ji Yong Ahn, Woon Geon Shin, Hyo-Joon Yang, Su Youn Nam, Byung-Hoon Min, Jae-Young Jang, Joo Hyun Lim, Wan Sik Lee, Bong Eun Lee, Moon Kyung Joo, Jae Myung Park, Hang Lak Lee, Tae-Geun Gweon, Moo In Park, Jeongmin Choi, Chung H
Surgical Endoscopy.2022; 36(3): 1847. CrossRef - Diffuse-type Gastric Cancer
Jie-Hyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2022; 22(1): 11. CrossRef - The future of endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer
Raquel Ortigão, Diogo Libânio, Mário Dinis‐Ribeiro
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2022; 125(7): 1110. CrossRef - Therapeutic approach to non-curative resection after endoscopic treatment in early gastric cancer
Eun Jeong Gong, Chang Seok Bang
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(5): 284. CrossRef - Establishing Machine Learning Models to Predict Curative Resection in Early Gastric Cancer with Undifferentiated Histology: Development and Usability Study
Chang Seok Bang, Ji Yong Ahn, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young-Il Kim, Il Ju Choi, Woon Geon Shin
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2021; 23(4): e25053. CrossRef - Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Non-Curative Resection in Patients with Early Gastric Cancer Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea
Si Hyung Lee, Min Cheol Kim, Seong Woo Jeon, Kang Nyeong Lee, Jong Jae Park, Su Jin Hong
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(2): 196. CrossRef
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Case Report
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Strongyloidiasis Presenting as Yellowish Nodules in Colonoscopy of an Immunocompetent Patient
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Hannah Ra
, Jun-Won Chung
, Dong Hae Chung
, Jung Ho Kim
, Yoon Jae Kim
, Kyoung Oh Kim
, Kwang An Kwon
, Dong Kyun Park
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(1):80-82. Published online August 30, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.078
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Abstract
PDF
- Strongyloides stercoralis is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions, and infections are usually asymptomatic. However, immunocompromised patients, such as those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, high-dose steroids, or chemotherapy, can develop fatal hyperinfections. An 84-year-old man without any symptoms was diagnosed with strongyloidiasis during a regular screening colonoscopy. His medical history only involved a gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer 6 months previously. Few cases have been published about asymptomatic strongyloidiasis diagnosed in an immunocompetent host via endoscopic mucosal resection with characteristic colonoscopic findings. We report a case of colon-involved asymptomatic strongyloidiasis with specific colonic findings of yellowish-white nodules. This finding may be an important marker of S. stercoralis infection, which could prevent hyperinfections.
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Citations
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- Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 339 cases
Olga C Rojas, Alexandra M Montoya, Hiram Villanueva-Lozano, Diego Carrion-Alvarez
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2023; 117(10): 682. CrossRef - Seropositivity Rates of Strongyloides stercoralis Antibody in the Southeastern Region of Republic of Korea: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Taehwa Kim, Seungjin Lim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(3): 181. CrossRef - A Rare Cause of Pedunculated Polyps Caused by Strongyloides
Omer Yousaf, Arisha Carreon, Ibrahim Mohsin
European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Phylogenetic Positioning of a Strongyloides stercoralis Isolate Recovered from a Korean Patient and Comparison with Other Asian Isolates
Jaeho Bae, Mi Jin Jeong, Dong hoon Shin, Hyun Woo Kim, Sung Ho Ahn, Jun Ho Choi, Hak Sun Yu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 689. CrossRef
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3
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Original Article
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Factors Affecting Endoscopic Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer in the Population-Based Screening Era
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Yoon Gwon Mun
, Myung-Gyu Choi
, Chul-Hyun Lim
, Han Hee Lee
, Dong Hoon Kang
, Jae Myung Park
, Kyo Young Song
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Clin Endosc 2018;51(5):478-484. Published online June 1, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.006
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: Since population-based screening for gastric cancer in Korea was implemented, endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer has become increasingly popular. This study investigates factors affecting endoscopic curative resection of early gastric cancer in population-based screening for gastric cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data of patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer who underwent treatment at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. All patients completed questionnaires about clinical information, including interval between surveillance tests for gastric cancer.
Results
Of 469 gastric cancer patients, 147 (31.3%) had undergone curative endoscopic resection, 260 (55.4%) had undergone curative surgical resection, and 62 (13.3%) underwent non-curative resection or were in an inoperable state. Patients with curative endoscopic resection had fewer alarm symptoms/signs than other groups. In multivariate analysis, regular surveillance endoscopy was the only factor predicting curative endoscopic resection (odds ratio [OR], 6.099; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.532–14.933). In addition, patients undergoing gastric cancer screening had a significantly higher rate of endoscopic curative resection compared with subjects who had never been screened. (1-year interval: OR, 49.969; 95% CI, 6.340–393.827, 2-year interval: OR, 15.283; 95% CI, 1.833–127.406, over 2-year interval: OR, 10.651; 95% CI, 1.248–90.871). Shorter screening test intervals were associated with higher rates of endoscopic curative resection.
Conclusions
Regular surveillance testing was the independent factor predicting curative endoscopic resection of gastric cancer.
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- A model established using marital status and other factors from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for early stage gastric cancer
Lixiang Zhang, Baichuan Zhou, Panquan Luo, Aman Xu, Wenxiu Han, Zhijian Wei
Journal of Investigative Medicine.2022; 70(6): 1373. CrossRef - Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Non-Curative Resection in Patients with Early Gastric Cancer Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea
Si Hyung Lee, Min Cheol Kim, Seong Woo Jeon, Kang Nyeong Lee, Jong Jae Park, Su Jin Hong
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(2): 196. CrossRef - The More, the Better: Is This True in Endoscopy for Gastric Cancer Screening?
Seong Woo Jeon
Clinical Endoscopy.2018; 51(5): 402. CrossRef
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114
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4
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Review
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Closing the Gaps: Endoscopic Suturing for Large Submucosal and Full-Thickness Defects
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Keshav Kukreja
, Suma Chennubhotla
, Bharat Bhandari
, Ankit Arora
, Shashideep Singhal
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Clin Endosc 2018;51(4):352-356. Published online March 5, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.117
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Abstract
PDF
- This article is a systematic review of relevant literature on endoscopic suturing as a primary closure technique for large submucosal and full-thickness defects after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR). A comprehensive literature search was conducted through 2016 by using PubMed, to find peer-reviewed original articles. The specific factors considered were the procedural indications and details, success rates, clinical outcomes including complications, and study limitations. Six original articles were included in the final review: two with non-human subjects and four with human subjects. The mean success rate of endoscopic suturing was 97.4% (100% for human subjects and 95.4% for non-human subjects). The procedural time ranged from 7 to 89 min. The average size and depth of lesions were 2.71 cm (3.74 cm [human] and 1.96 cm [non-human]) and 1.52 cm, respectively. The technique itself had no reported impact on mortality. In conclusion, endoscopic suturing is a minimally invasive technique for the primary closure of defects caused by EMR, ESD, and EFTR, with a high success and low complication rate.
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Wang Fangjun, Leng Xia, Gao Yi, Shen Xiuyun, Wang Wenping, Liu Huamin, Liu Pengfei
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Artur Raiter, Katarzyna M. Pawlak, Katarzyna Kozłowska-Petriczko, Jan Petriczko, Joanna Szełemej, Anna Wiechowska-Kozłowska
Medicina.2021; 57(6): 625. CrossRef - Complications of the Use of the OverStitch Endoscopic Suturing System
Jessica X. Yu, Allison R. Schulman
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Nan Ge, Jin-Long Hu, Fei Yang, Fan Yang, Si-Yu Sun
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2019; 11(11): 1054. CrossRef
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic approaches to Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Diagnosis and Management of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Shreya Chablaney
, Zachary A. Zator
, Nikhil A. Kumta
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(6):530-536. Published online November 30, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.134
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Abstract
PDF
- The incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has increased by almost ten-fold over the past 30 years. There has been a heightened awareness of the malignant potential of rectal NETs. Fortunately, many rectal NETs are discovered at earlier stages due to colon cancer screening programs. Endoscopic ultrasound is useful in assessing both residual tumor burden after retrospective diagnosis and tumor characteristics to help guide subsequent management. Current guidelines suggest endoscopic resection of rectal NETs ≤10 mm as a safe therapeutic option given their low risk of metastasis. Although a number of endoscopic interventions exist, the best technique for resection has not been identified. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has high complete and en-bloc resection rates, but also an increased risk of complications including perforation. In addition, ESD is only performed at tertiary centers by experienced advanced endoscopists. Endoscopic mucosal resection has been shown to have variable complete resection rates, but modifications to the technique such as the addition of band ligation have improved outcomes. Prospective studies are needed to further compare the available endoscopic interventions, and to elucidate the most appropriate course of management of rectal NETs.
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Case Report
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Endoscopic Treatment of Jejunal Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa that Caused Recurrent Intussusception
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Ke Ryun Ahn
, Ja Seol Koo
, Hwan Il Kim
, Ji Hye Kim
, Jee Hyun Lee
, Seung Young Kim
, Sung Woo Jung
, Sang Woo Lee
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(6):605-608. Published online October 18, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.026
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Abstract
PDF
- Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) is a rare anomaly in the small bowel and may be the cause of intussusception when it gets a lead point in the jejunum. All cases of intussusception due to intestinal HGM have been treated with surgical resection. A 5-year-old girl presented with chief complaints of vomiting and abdominal pain for 2 weeks. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed intussusception at the proximal jejunal loops. Three air reductions and one saline reduction were attempted without success. She continued to be symptomatic, and endoscopic evaluation was performed. Enteroscopy revealed some variable-sized polypoid mucosal lesions with erosions on the proximal jejunum. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed using a snare. The resected tissues histologically showed a hyperplastic polyp arising from the HGM. Her symptoms did not recur within 1 year after the treatment. Our case showed that enteroscopy could be useful for the diagnosis and management of jejunal intussusception caused by HGM.
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Original Article
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Efficacy of Precut Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Treatment of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Hoonsub So
, Su Hyun Yoo
, Seungbong Han
, Gwang-un Kim
, Myeongsook Seo
, Sung Wook Hwang
, Dong-Hoon Yang
, Jeong-Sik Byeon
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(6):585-591. Published online October 12, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.039
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic resection is the first-line treatment for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) measuring <1 cm and those between 1 and 2 cm in size. However, conventional endoscopic resection cannot achieve complete resection in all cases. We aimed to analyze clinical outcomes of precut endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR-P) used for the management of rectal NET.
Methods
EMR-P was used to treat rectal NET in 72 patients at a single tertiary center between 2011 and 2015. Both, circumferential precutting and EMR were performed with the same snare device in all patients. Demographics, procedural details, and histopathological features were reviewed for all cases.
Results
Mean size of the tumor measured endoscopically was 6.8±2.8 mm. En bloc and complete resection was achieved in 71 (98.6%) and 67 patients (93.1%), respectively. The mean time required for resection was 9.0±5.6 min. Immediate and delayed bleeding developed in six (8.3%) and 4 patients (5.6%), respectively. Immediate bleeding observed during EMR-P was associated with the risk of delayed bleeding.
Conclusions
Both, the en bloc and complete resection rates of EMR-P in the treatment of rectal NETs using the same snare for precutting and EMR were noted to be high. The procedure was short and safe. EMR-P may be a good treatment choice for the management of rectal NETs.
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Review
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Metachronous Gastric Cancer Following Curative Endoscopic Resection of Early Gastric Cancer
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Seiichiro Abe
, Ichiro Oda
, Takeyoshi Minagawa
, Masau Sekiguchi
, Satoru Nonaka
, Haruhisa Suzuki
, Shigetaka Yoshinaga
, Amit Bhatt
, Yutaka Saito
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Clin Endosc 2018;51(3):253-259. Published online September 18, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.104
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Abstract
PDF
- This review article summarizes knowledge about metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) occurring after curative endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric cancer (EGC), treatment outcomes of patients who developed MGC, and efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent MGC. The incidence of MGC following curative ER increases over time and is higher than in patients undergoing gastrectomy. Increasing age and multifocal EGC are independent risk factors for developing MGC. An MGC following curative ER is usually a small (<20 mm) and differentiated intramucosal cancer. Most MGC lesions are found at an early stage on semiannual or annual surveillance endoscopy and are successfully treated by further ER, with excellent long-term outcomes. Eradication of H. pylori may reduce the risk of MGC following ER of EGC, but further prospective studies with long-term outcomes are required. Surveillance endoscopy following gastric ER should be continued indefinitely, due to the risk of MGC even after successful H. pylori eradication. Risk stratification and tailored endoscopic surveillance schedules need to be developed.
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Original Article
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Therapeutic Outcomes of Endoscopic Resection of Early Gastric Cancer with Undifferentiated-Type Histology: A Korean ESD Registry Database Analysis
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Chang Seok Bang
, Jae Myung Park
, Gwang Ho Baik
, Jong Jae Park
, Moon Kyung Joo
, Jae Young Jang
, Seong Woo Jeon
, Suck Chei Choi
, Jae Kyu Sung
, Kwang Bum Cho
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(6):569-577. Published online July 25, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.017
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: To assess the therapeutic outcomes of endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric cancer (EGC) with undifferentiated-type histology.
Methods
Cases of ER of EGC with undifferentiated-type histology in the Korean endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) registry database were identified and reviewed. The immediate outcomes, including en bloc resection, complete resection, and curative resection rates, and long-term outcomes, including recurrence and survival rates, were extracted and analyzed.
Results
From 2006 to 2015, 275 EGCs with undifferentiated-type histology from 275 patients were identified. The immediate outcomes were as follows: en bloc resection rate: 92.4%; complete resection rate: 80%; and curative resection rate: 36.4%. Compared to patients with lesions that were beyond the expanded indication, those with expanded indication lesions showed better therapeutic outcomes. There was no difference in immediate outcomes between patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDC) and signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC). However, compared to ER of SRC, ER of PDC had a stronger association with submucosal invasion (41.9% vs. 23.6%, p=0.003). With regard to long-term outcomes, there was no difference between lesions with curative and non-curative resections in the recurrence and mortality rates. These rates also did not differ between PDC and SRC (median follow up: 3.96 years).
Conclusions
ER confined to expanded indication lesions can be considered for treatment of EGC with undifferentiated-type histology.
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic Accessories Used for ESDs
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History and Development of Accessories for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
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Bong Min Ko
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(3):219-223. Published online May 31, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.078
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Abstract
PDF
- Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedure is composed of circumferential mucosal incision and submucosal dissection. A variety of endoscopic accessories are required to perform mucosal incision and submucosal dissection safely. As a result of the improvements in ESD devices and peripheral equipment and development of the ESD technique, ESD procedures have been performed extensively worldwide. Here I review the history of the development of accessories used in performing ESD procedures.
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Accessory Devices Frequently Used for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
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Hyuk Soon Choi
, Hoon Jai Chun
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(3):224-233. Published online May 31, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.070
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Abstract
PDF
- Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is increasingly being considered an essential component of treatment for early gastrointestinal cancers and subepithelial tumors. The ESD technique owes its popularity to the development of sophisticated instruments used for ESD. With an increase in the number of ESD procedures performed, there is rapid development in the number and types of endoscopic accessory devices used for such procedures. Despite the large numbers of new devices developed and marketed, the use of ESD instruments and accessory devices is largely determined by individual preferences and experiences. Accessory devices frequently used during ESD are important tools for ESD techniques. Each instrument possesses characteristic advantages and disadvantages associated with its use, and no one instrument is superior in all respects to others. In this article, we review the characteristics of endoscopic electrical knives, cap and hood, and hemostatic devices commonly used in ESD.
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Original Articles
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Endoscopic Mucosal Resection with Circumferential Mucosal Incision for Colorectal Neoplasms: Comparison with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and between Two Endoscopists with Different Experiences
-
Dong-Hoon Yang
, Min-Seob Kwak
, Sang Hyoung Park
, Byong Duk Ye
, Jeong-Sik Byeon
, Seung-Jae Myung
, Suk-Kyun Yang
, Hyun Gun Kim
, Shai Friedland
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(4):379-387. Published online March 7, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.058
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection with circumferential mucosal incision (CMI-EMR) may offer benefits comparable to those of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), while requiring less technical proficiency than ESD.
Methods
We retrospectively compared the outcomes of CMI-EMR (n=34) and size-matched ESD (n=102), which were performed by a Korean endoscopist for colorectal epithelial lesions of 20–35 mm. Procedural parameters of CMI-EMRs performed by an American ESD novice ((n=30) were compared with those performed by the Korean endoscopist.
Results
The lesion size was 22.3±3.9 mm and 22.9±2.4 mm in the CMI-EMR and size-matched ESD groups, respectively (p=0.730). The resection time was 12.7±7.0 minutes in the CMI-EMR group and 45.6±30.1 minutes in the ESD group (p<0.001). The en bloc resection rate was 94.1% in the CMI-EMR group and 100% in the ESD group (p=0.061). There were no differences in the en bloc resection and complication rates of CMI-EMRs between a Korean and an American endoscopist.
Conclusions
For the treatment of moderate-size colorectal lesions, CMI-EMR showed a trend toward lower en bloc resection rate, but required shorter procedure time than ESD. CMI-EMR outcomes were similar when performed by a Korean ESD expert and an American ESD novice.
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Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022; 37(3): 568. CrossRef - A systematic review and meta-analysis of endoscopic mucosal resection vs endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal sessile/non-polypoid lesions
Endrit Shahini, Roberto Passera, Giacomo Lo Secco, Alberto Arezzo
Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies.2022; 31(6): 835. CrossRef - Endoscopic mucosal resection with a circumferential incision in the removal of colorectal neoplasms (preliminary results of the prospective randomized study)
A. U. Abdulzhalieva, A. A. Likutov, D. A. Mtvralashvili, V. V. Veselov, Yu. E. Vaganov, S. V. Chernyshov, O. A. Mainovskaya, O. I. Sushkov
Koloproktologia.2022; 21(4): 21. CrossRef - Efficacy and Safety of Complete Endoscopic Resection of Colorectal Neoplasia Using a Stepwise Endoscopic Protocol with SOUTEN, a Novel Multifunctional Snare
Shinji Yoshii, Marina Kubo, Mio Matsumoto, Takefumi Kikuchi, Yasunari Takakuwa
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(2): 206. CrossRef - Tip-in versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for flat colorectal neoplasia 10 mm or larger in size
Soo Min Noh, Jin Yong Kim, Jae Cheol Park, Eun Hye Oh, Jeongseok Kim, Nam Seok Ham, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Dong-Hoon Yang
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2020; 35(7): 1283. CrossRef - Long‐term clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasia with or without the hybrid technique
DU Kang, JC Park, SW Hwang, SH Park, DH Yang, KJ Kim, BD Ye, SJ Myung, SK Yang, JS Byeon
Colorectal Disease.2020; 22(12): 2008. CrossRef - Pyogenic Liver Abscess Caused by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Colon Cancer
Joon Seop Lee, Yong Hwan Kwon
Clinical Endoscopy.2019; 52(6): 620. CrossRef - Endoscopic submucosal dissection in the West: Current status and future directions
Michael X. Ma, Michael J. Bourke
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David Friedel, Stavros Nicholas Stavropoulos
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2018; 10(10): 225. CrossRef - Filling the Technical Gap between Standard Endoscopic Mucosal Resection and Full Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for 20–35 mm Sized Colorectal Neoplasms
Sung Noh Hong
Clinical Endoscopy.2017; 50(4): 313. CrossRef
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Use of a Double-Channel Gastroscope Reduces Procedural Time in Large Left-Sided Colonic Endoscopic Mucosal Resections
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Evangelos Voudoukis, Georgios Tribonias, Aikaterini Tavernaraki, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Emmanouil Vardas, Konstantina Paraskeva, Gregorios Chlouverakis, Gregorios A. Paspatis
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(2):136-141. Published online March 27, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.2.136
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Abstract
PDF
- Background/Aims
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of large colorectal lesions is associated with increased procedural time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of double-channel gastroscope (DCG) use on the procedural time of EMRs in the rectosigmoid area.
MethodsAll EMRs for sessile or flat rectosigmoid lesions ≥2 cm performed between July 2011 and September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.
ResultsThere were 55 lesions ≥2 cm in the rectosigmoid area in 55 patients, of which 26 were removed by EMR using a DCG (DC group) and 29 by using an ordinary colonoscope or gastroscope (OS group). The mean size of the removed polyps, morphology, adverse effects, and other parameters were similar between the two groups. The mean procedural time was significantly lower in the DC group than in the OS group (24.4±18.3 minutes vs. 36.3±24.4 minutes, p=0.015). Moreover, in a subgroup of patients with polyps >40 mm, the statistical difference in the mean procedural time between the DC and OS groups was even more pronounced (33±21 minutes vs. 58.7±20.6 minutes, p=0.004).
ConclusionsOur data suggest that the use of a DCG in the resection of large nonpedunculated rectosigmoid lesions significantly reduces the procedural time.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Dual Channel Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
Julia T. Saraidaridis, Racquel S. Gaetani, Peter W. Marcello
Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery.2024; 37(05): 295. CrossRef - Endoscopic management of difficult laterally spreading tumors in colorectum
Edgar Castillo-Regalado, Hugo Uchima
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(3): 113. CrossRef - A Critical Review of Post Endoscopic Sub-Mucosal Dissection (ESD) Delayed Bleeding Risk Factors
Bilal Khan, Bilquis Nawabi, Daniya Sivakumar, Said Maisam Shuoa, Ruihua Shi
Open Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 10(06): 166. CrossRef - Novel technique for endoscopic en bloc resection (EMR+) – Evaluation in a porcine model
Benjamin Meier, Andreas Wannhoff, Christoph Klinger, Karel Caca
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 25(28): 3764. CrossRef - Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal lesions: A systematic review
Antonella De Ceglie, Cesare Hassan, Benedetto Mangiavillano, Takahisa Matsuda, Yutaka Saito, Lorenzo Ridola, Pradeep Bhandari, Federica Boeri, Massimo Conio
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2016; 104: 138. CrossRef - Is the Double Channel Gastroscope Useful in Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Large Sessile Colon Polyps?
Kwang An Kwon
Clinical Endoscopy.2015; 48(2): 89. CrossRef
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9,857
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65
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6
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6
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Endoscopic Mucosal Resection with Circumferential Incision for the Treatment of Large Sessile Polyps and Laterally Spreading Tumors of the Colorectum
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Young Mi Hong, Hyung Wook Kim, Su Bum Park, Cheol Woong Choi, Dae Hwan Kang
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(1):52-58. Published online January 31, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.1.52
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Abstract
PDF
- Background/Aims
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the standard treatment for colorectal polyps such as adenomas and early cancers with no risk of lymph node metastasis. However, endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps (≥20 mm diameter) is difficult to perform. We evaluated the clinical outcomes of EMR with circumferential incision (EMR-CI) for the resection of large sessile polyps (Is) and laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) in the colorectum.
MethodsBetween February 2009 and March 2011, we resected 80 large colorectal polyps by EMR-CI. We retrospectively investigated the en bloc resection rate, histologic complete resection rate, recurrence rate, and complications.
ResultsThe median polyp size was approximately 25 mm (range, 20 to 50), and the morphologic types included Is (13 cases), LST-granular (37 cases), and LST-nongranular (30 cases). The en bloc and complete histologic resection rates were 66.3% and 45.0%, respectively. The recurrence rate was 0% (median follow-up duration, 23 months), and perforation occurred in five cases (6.3%).
ConclusionsEMR-CI is an effective treatment modality for 20 to 30 mm-sized colorectal polyps, and may be considered as a second line therapeutic option if ESD is difficult.
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Chang Kyo Oh, Young Wook Cho, Young-Seok Cho
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Alexander Huelsen, Timothy Willis, Prabha Ketheson, Caroline Cooper, Jennifer Borowsky, Sooraj Pillay, Ian Paul Hughes, Zaki Hamarneh
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Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2025; 9(3): 292. CrossRef - Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection as a salvage option for difficult colorectal conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection
Shin Morimoto, Hidenori Tanaka, Yudai Takehara, Noriko Yamamoto, Fumiaki Tanino, Yuki Kamigaichi, Ken Yamashita, Hidehiko Takigawa, Ryo Yuge, Yuji Urabe, Shiro Oka
Surgical Endoscopy.2024; 38(1): 222. CrossRef - Endoscopic resection of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: current standards of treatment
Mahsa Taghiakbari, Dong Hyun Danny Kim, Roupen Djinbachian, Daniel von Renteln
eGastroenterology.2024; 2(2): e100025. CrossRef - Hybrid Endoscopic Resection With Endo-knife and Snare for Colorectal Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Shinji Yoshii, Takefumi Kikuchi, Yuki Hayashi, Masahiro Nojima, Hiro-o Yamano, Hiroshi Nakase
Techniques and Innovations in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 25(2): 135. CrossRef - Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection, Endoscopic Mucosal Resection, and Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery for the Management of Rectal and Anorectal Lesions: A Narrative Review
Pedro Moreira, Pedro Cardoso, Guilherme Macedo, João Santos-Antunes
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(14): 4777. CrossRef - Indications and outcomes of colorectal hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection: a large multicenter 10-year study
Yuki Okamoto, Shiro Oka, Shinji Tanaka, Shinji Nagata, Masaki Kunihiro, Toshio Kuwai, Yuko Hiraga, Seiji Onogawa, Takeshi Mizumoto, Hideharu Okanobu, Morihisa Akagi, Kazuaki Chayama
Surgical Endoscopy.2022; 36(3): 1894. CrossRef - Comparison of precutting endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection for large (20–30 mm) flat colorectal lesions
Chang Kyo Oh, Young Wook Cho, In Hyoung Choi, Han Hee Lee, Chul‐Hyun Lim, Jin Su Kim, Bo‐In Lee, Young‐Seok Cho
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022; 37(3): 568. CrossRef - Cap-assisted EMR versus standard inject and cut EMR for treatment of large colonic laterally spreading tumors: a randomized multicenter study (with videos)
Massimo Conio, Raffaele Manta, Rosa Angela Filiberti, Todd H. Baron, Luigi Pasquale, Mario Marini, Antonella De Ceglie
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 96(5): 829. CrossRef - Endoscopic techniques to reduce recurrence rates after colorectal EMR: systematic review and meta-analysis
Gijs Kemper, Ayla S. Turan, Erik J. Schoon, Ruud W. M. Schrauwen, Ludger S. M. Epping, Christian Gerges, Torsten Beyna, Horst Neuhaus, Ufuk Gündug, Peter D. Siersema, Erwin J. M. van Geenen
Surgical Endoscopy.2021; 35(10): 5422. CrossRef - Indications and outcomes of endoscopic resection for non-pedunculated colorectal lesions: A narrative review
Endrit Shahini, Diogo Libânio, Giacomo Lo Secco, Antonio Pisani, Alberto Arezzo
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2021; 13(8): 275. CrossRef - Endoscopic mucosal resection versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal laterally spreading tumors: a meta-analysis
Hongjing Zhao, Jie Yin, Cuiying Ji, Xin Wang, Na Wang
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - A Critical Review of Post Endoscopic Sub-Mucosal Dissection (ESD) Delayed Bleeding Risk Factors
Bilal Khan, Bilquis Nawabi, Daniya Sivakumar, Said Maisam Shuoa, Ruihua Shi
Open Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 10(06): 166. CrossRef - Efficacy of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as a rescue treatment in difficult colorectal ESD cases
Koichi Okamoto, Naoki Muguruma, Kaizo Kagemoto, Yasuhiro Mitsui, Daisaku Fujimoto, Shinji Kitamura, Tetsuo Kimura, Masahiro Sogabe, Hiroshi Miyamoto, Tetsuji Takayama
Digestive Endoscopy.2017; 29(S2): 45. CrossRef - Endoscopic Mucosal Resection with Circumferential Mucosal Incision for Colorectal Neoplasms: Comparison with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and between Two Endoscopists with Different Experiences
Dong-Hoon Yang, Min-Seob Kwak, Sang Hyoung Park, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Hyun Gun Kim, Shai Friedland
Clinical Endoscopy.2017; 50(4): 379. CrossRef - Local recurrence and subsequent endoscopic treatment after endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection with or without precutting in the colorectum
Myeongsook Seo, Eun Mi Song, Gwang Un Kim, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Kyung-Jo Kim, Byong Duk Ye, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Jeong-Sik Byeon
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Selvi Thirumurthi, Gottumukkala S. Raju
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Antonella De Ceglie, Cesare Hassan, Benedetto Mangiavillano, Takahisa Matsuda, Yutaka Saito, Lorenzo Ridola, Pradeep Bhandari, Federica Boeri, Massimo Conio
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2016; 104: 138. CrossRef - Should antibiotics be administered after endoscopic mucosalresection in patients with colon polyps?
Zhimeng SHI, Hui QIU, Huangang LIU, Honggang YU
TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES.2016; 46: 1486. CrossRef - Endoscopic Approach for Superficial Colorectal Neoplasms
Jun-feng Xu, Lang Yang, Peng Jin, Jian-qiu Sheng
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Dong Kyung Chang
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27
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic and Molecular Imaging of Premalignant GI Lesions, Part II
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Histopathology in Barrett Esophagus and Barrett Esophagus-Related Dysplasia
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Andrea Grin, Catherine J. Streutker
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Clin Endosc 2014;47(1):31-39. Published online January 24, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.1.31
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Abstract
PDF
Pathologic specimens, both biopsies and endoscopic mucosal resections, for Barrett esophagus and Barrett-associated dysplasia and malignancy are common for pathologists in North America, and the incidence in South Asian countries seems to be increasing. Dysplasia and malignancy arising in intestinalized gastric-type mucosa raises issues in the interpretation of dysplasia and the evaluation of the depth of invasion of malignancies that are not seen in squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. We review the North American approach to these lesions.
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- Associations Between Non-Genetic Risk Factors and DNA Methylation Alterations in Barrett’s Esophagus and Its Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Nastaran Riahi Dehkordi, Kristi Kruusmaa, Kausilia K. Krishnadath, Arianna Bertossi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(23): 11704. CrossRef - Complete circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection for early Barrett’s neoplasia
Douglas Motomura, Robert Bechara
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2024; 99(3): 337. CrossRef - Barrett's esophagus: The pathomorphological and molecular genetic keystones of neoplastic progression
Ksenia S. Maslyonkina, Alexandra K. Konyukova, Darya Y. Alexeeva, Mikhail Y. Sinelnikov, Liudmila M. Mikhaleva
Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(2): 447. CrossRef - Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma: expression, metabolism, and functional significance
Hanan M. Garalla, Nantaporn Lertkowit, Laszlo Tiszlavicz, Zita Reisz, Chris Holmberg, Rob Beynon, Deborah Simpson, Akos Varga, Jothi Dinesh Kumar, Steven Dodd, David Mark Pritchard, Andrew R. Moore, András I. Rosztóczy, Tibor Wittman, Alec Simpson, Graham
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KwanHyeong Jo, Soyoung Kim, Jongtae Cha, Sang Hyun Hwang, Narae Lee, Mijin Yun, Won Jun Kang
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2016; 50(2): 123. CrossRef
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19,617
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220
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10
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Case Reports
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Endoscopic Treatment of Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Sang Ho Kim, Chang Hwan Park, Ho Seok Ki, Chung Hwan Jun, Seon Young Park, Hyun Soo Kim, Sung Kyu Choi, Jong Sun Rew
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Clin Endosc 2013;46(6):656-661. Published online November 19, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.6.656
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Abstract
PDF
Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms. In this study, the medical records of 14 patients with duodenal NETs diagnosed at Chonnam National University Hospital from July 2001 to August 2011 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Four patients were diagnosed in the first 5 years, and 10 patients were diagnosed in the latter 5 years of the study. Ten of 12 patients (83.3%) who underwent endoscopic biopsy were confirmed to have NET before resection. Endoscopic resection was performed in 12 patients, surgical resection in one patient, and regular follow-up in one patient who refused resection. None of the patients showed recurrence or distant metastasis. Duodenal NETs are increasingly observed and are mostly detected during screening upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Careful endoscopic examination and biopsy can improve the diagnostic yield of NETs. Most well-differentiated, nonfunctional duodenal NETs that are limited to the mucosa/submucosa can be treated effectively with endoscopic resection.
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Citations
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- Real-world outcomes of duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic full-thickness resection: predictors of adverse events and the role of a structured closure approach (with video)
Mohan Kumar Ramchandani, Priscilla Vanesa Lopez, Sundeep Lakhtakia, Pradev Inavolu, Aniruddha Singh, Santosh Darisetty, Anuradha Sekaran, Hardik Rughwani, Sara Teles de Campos, Partha Pal, Zaheer Nabi, Nitin Jagtap, Shujaath Asif, Nikitha Boddu, Guduru Ve
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Prevalence and risk factors for lymph node metastasis in duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yohei Ogata, Waku Hatta, Takeshi Kanno, Yutaka Hatayama, Masahiro Saito, Xiaoyi Jin, Tomoyuki Koike, Akira Imatani, Yuhong Yuan, Atsushi Masamune
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Shrihari Anil Anikhindi, Rajesh Puri, Noriya Uedo, Kamlesh Taori, Anil Arora
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 19(7): 789. CrossRef - Endoscopic management of gastric, duodenal and rectal NETs: Position paper from the Italian Association for Neuroendocrine Tumors (Itanet), Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE), Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SIED)
Francesco Panzuto, Maria Caterina Parodi, Gianluca Esposito, Sara Massironi, Alberto Fantin, Renato Cannizzaro, Massimo Milione, Claudio Giovanni De Angelis, Bruno Annibale
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Jin Hee Noh, Do Hoon Kim, Kwangbeom Park, Hee Kyong Na, Ji Yong Ahn, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Wook Jung, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
Surgical Endoscopy.2023; 37(5): 3884. CrossRef - The meaning of R1 resection after endoscopic removal of gastric, duodenal and rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Gianluca Esposito, Elisabetta Dell’Unto, Irene Ligato, Matteo Marasco, Francesco Panzuto
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2023; 17(8): 785. CrossRef - Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Short-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection performed in the Western setting
Sunil Gupta, Puja Kumar, Rocio Chacchi, Alberto Murino, Edward J Despott, Arnaud Lemmers, Mathieu Pioche, Michael J. Bourke
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Catherine G. Tran, Scott K. Sherman, Mohammed O. Suraju, Apoorve Nayyar, Henning Gerke, Rami G. El Abiad, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Po Hien Ear, Thomas M. O’Dorisio, Joseph S. Dillon, Andrew M. Bellizzi, James R. Howe
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Klaire Exarchou, Nathan Howes, David Mark Pritchard
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Palki Dewan, Shubha P. Bhat, H. L. Kishan Prasad, Rajesh Ballal, K. Sajitha
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Successful Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of a Low Esophageal Carcinoid Tumor
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Chang Sup Lim, Seun Ja Park, Moo In Park, Won Moon, Hyung Hun Kim, Jun Sik Lee, Bong Jin Kim, Dong Young Ku
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Clin Endosc 2013;46(5):576-578. Published online September 30, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.5.576
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Abstract
PDF
Esophageal carcinoid tumors remain some of the rarest of all carcinoid tumors, with only several cases previously reported in the literature. The endoscopic mucosal resection of selected carcinoid tumors has been shown to be a valid, safe, and effective method of treatment. Endoscopic ultrasonography is the technique of choice to select patients eligible for endoscopic resection. Here, we report successful endoscopic mucosal resection of a low esophageal carcinoid tumor and review the relevant literature. The present case is the first reported case of esophageal carcinoid tumor in Korea.
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Tian Jin, Yu-Wei Zhou, Pei-Sen Sun, Yue Huang, Jian-Guo Gao, Xi Jin
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Special Issue Article of IDEN 2013
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Tips and Tricks for Better Endoscopic Treatment of Colorectal Tumors: Usefulness of Cap and Band in Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Seun Ja Park
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Clin Endosc 2013;46(5):492-494. Published online September 30, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.5.492
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Abstract
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Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an endoscopic alternative to surgical resection of mucosal and submucosal neoplastic lesions. Prior to the development of knives, EMR could be performed with accessories to elevate the lesion. After the development of various knives, en bloc resection was possible without other accessories. So, recently, simple snaring without suction or endoscopic submucosal dissection using knife in the epithelial lesions such as adenoma or early mucosal cancer has been performed. However, for easy and complete resection of subepithelial lesions such as carcinoid tumor, a few accessories are needed. Complete resection of rectal carcinoid tumors is difficult to achieve with conventional endoscopic resection techniques because these tumors often extend into the submucosa. The rate of positive resection margin for tumor is lower in the group of EMR using a cap (EMR-C) or EMR with a ligation device (EMR-L) than conventional EMR group. EMR-C and EMR-L (or endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device) may be a superior method to conventional EMR for removing small rectal carcinoid tumors.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

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Hao Liu, Yuchen Tang, Chongyang Wang, Yongming Yang, Mengyuan Liu, Lianqing Liu
Soft Robotics.2026; 13(1): 100. CrossRef - Risk Factors for Perforation in Endoscopic Treatment for Early Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide ENTER-K Study
Ik Hyun Jo, Hyun Gun Kim, Young-Seok Cho, Hyun Jung Lee, Eun Ran Kim, Yoo Jin Lee, Sung Wook Hwang, Kyeong-Ok Kim, Jun Lee, Hyuk Soon Choi, Yunho Jung, Chang Mo Moon
Gut and Liver.2025; 19(1): 95. CrossRef - Optimal endoscopic resection method based on vertical margin distance for small rectal neuroendocrine tumors: Propensity score-matched study
Jianning Liu, Weihua Yu, Peng Liu, Hao Tian, Lihong Gan, Kaige Zhang, Hui Chen, Nian Fang
Endoscopy International Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Investigation of the efficacy and safety of endoscopic wide band resection in the treatment of colorectal polyps
Ufuk Kutluana
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 37(11): 1213. CrossRef - Research Progress of Endoscopic Treatment of Colorectal Polyps
隆毅 潘
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(01): 1010. CrossRef - Clinicopathological characteristics of rectal multiple neuroendocrine neoplasms and literature review
Xiuli Zheng, Mingli Wu, Shengmian Li, Limian Er, Huiyan Deng, Shuo Guo, Zhihuan Liu
BMC Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Comparison between endoscopic mucosal resection with a cap and endoscopic submucosal dissection for rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Xiuli Zheng, Mingli Wu, Huihui Shi, Limian Er, Kan Wang, Ying Cao, Shengmian Li
BMC Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Indications and outcomes of endoscopic resection for non-pedunculated colorectal lesions: A narrative review
Endrit Shahini, Diogo Libânio, Giacomo Lo Secco, Antonio Pisani, Alberto Arezzo
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2021; 13(8): 275. CrossRef - Proper Treatment Option for Small Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors Using Precut Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
Seun Ja Park
Clinical Endoscopy.2017; 50(6): 516. CrossRef - Endoscopic management of mucosal lesions in the gastrointestinal tract
Wei-Chung Chen, Michael B. Wallace
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2016; 10(4): 481. CrossRef - Pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum and extensive subcutaneous emphysema resulting from endoscopic mucosal resection secondary to colonoscopy: A case report
JUN YANG, WEI QING LIU, JIAN DONG, ZHENG QI WEN, ZHU ZHU, WEN LIANG LI
Oncology Letters.2016; 11(4): 2763. CrossRef - Highlights of International Digestive Endoscopy Network 2013
Kwang An Kwon, Il Ju Choi, Eun Young Kim, Seok Ho Dong, Ki Baik Hahm
Clinical Endoscopy.2013; 46(5): 425. CrossRef
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Case Report
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Endoscopic Resection of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Gene Hyun Bok, Won Young Cho, Joo Young Cho, So Young Jin, Ji Ho Ahn, Chang Gyun Chun, Tae Hee Lee, Hyun Gun Kim
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Clin Endosc 2013;46(2):189-192. Published online March 31, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.2.189
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Abstract
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Hypopharyngeal cancers are often diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a poor prognosis. Even when they are diagnosed at an operable stage, surgery often results in substantial morbidity and decreased patients' quality of life. Although the endoscopic diagnosis of early hypopharyngeal cancer is difficult, recent developments in advanced imaging endoscopy have enabled easier diagnosis of these lesions. Endoscopic resection of early hypopharyngeal cancer is a potential minimally invasive treatment that can preserve the function and quality of life of patients. Reports of this procedure are limited, however. We report a case of hypopharygeal cancer treated with endoscopic resection.
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Ce Li, Shuai Chen, Wenming Jia, Wenming Li, Dongmin Wei, Shengda Cao, Ye Qian, Rui Guan, Heng Liu, Dapeng Lei
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Endoscopic resection for superficial hypopharyngeal/laryngeal cancer and clinical pathway options
Wei‐Chen Huang, Li‐Hsiang Cheng, Tien‐Yu Huang, Yu‐Lueng Shih, Wei‐Kuo Chang, Tsai‐Yuan Hsieh, Peng‐Jen Chen
Advances in Digestive Medicine.2019; 6(3): 123. CrossRef - MG132 reverse the malignant characteristics of hypopharyngeal cancer
JUKE MA, LIANG YU, JIAJUN TIAN, YAKUI MU, ZHENGHUA LV, JIDONG ZOU, JIANFENG LI, HAIBO WANG, WEI XU
Molecular Medicine Reports.2014; 9(6): 2587. CrossRef
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Is Endoscopic Resection Currently Available in Non-tertiary or Non-academic Hospitals?
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Seong Woo Jeon, M.D., Min Kyu Jung, M.D., Sung Kook Kim, M.D., Tae Nyeun Kim, M.D.*, Byung Ik Jang, M.D.*, Si Hyung Lee, M.D.*, Kyeong Ok Kim, M.D.*, Eun Soo Kim, M.D.†, Kwang Bum Cho, M.D.†, Kyung Sik Park, M.D.†
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(6):338-343. Published online December 30, 2010
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Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has been gaining popularity with the advances in the technique and the accumulating experience. The objectives of this study are to assess the current situation of endoscopic resection (ER) in primary clinics and community-based hospitals and to suggest an affordable training program.
Methods
A questionnaire about the indications to perform ER for gastric or colonic lesions was sent to the doctors working in the non-tertiary hospitals by mail. Results: The responders who were performing EMR or polypectomy for gastric lesions accounted for 43% (31/72) and 44.8% (47/101), respectively, of the total responders. The percentage of responders who had experience with performing EMR or polypectomy for colonic lesions accounted for 56.6% (30/53) and 87.3% (62/71), respectively, of the total responders. The indication for ER for treating gastric and colonic lesions was restricted to the size of 1∼2 cm irrespective of the type or location of lesion. Most of the responders assumed that ER should be performed in their clinics and they wanted to have a chance to improve these techniques.
Conclusions
The infrastructure for therapeutic endoscopy, such as ER, should be progressively expanded. Therefore, well designed schematic training programs are currently needed to advance using ER more commonly in clinical practice. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:338-343)
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Three Cases of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Rectal Carcinoid Tumor by Band Ligation and the Snare Resection Technique
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Young Hwa Jo, M.D., Ji Hun Roh, M.D., Dong Young Goo, M.D., Jae Hoon Yoo, M.D., Ki Soo Kim, M.D., Young Min Shin, M.D., Sung Hoon Kim, M.D. and Ji Eun Park, M.D.
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(1):45-51. Published online July 31, 2010
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Abstract
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- Many reports have shown that endoscopic polypectomy or endoscopic mucosal resection can successfully remove tumor less than 1.0 cm in size. However, most carcinoid tumors in the rectum occur in the submucosal layer so that the entire tumor cannot be completely removed via endoscopic polypectomy or endoscopic mucosal resection. Endoscopic mucosal resection can also cause perforation of the intestinal wall and bleeding. Due to these reasons, instead of these two conventional methods, endoscopic mucosal resection using a ligation device is currently being used for the treatment of rectal carcinoid tumor. Recent studies that used this method have reported that endoscopic mucosal resection of rectal carcinoid tumor by band ligation and the snare resection technique is safe with minimal complications and this is quite useful to completely remove rectal carcinoid tumor. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:45-51)
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A Case of Early-stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal Diagnosed by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Soo Woong Kim, M.D., Jae Myung Cha, M.D., Joung Il Lee, M.D., Kwang Ro Joo, M.D., Sung Won Jung, M.D., Hyun Phil Shin, M.D., Yu Jin Suh, M.D. and Jun Uk Lim, M.D.
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(5):329-333. Published online May 30, 2010
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- In the past, abdominoperineal resection was routinely performed for anal canal cancer, yet it is now known that squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal has a favorable prognosis and it rarely requires radical surgery. Furthermore, T1 anal cancer, which represents about 10% of all anal canal cancers, has an excellent prognosis. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), which has been used for removal of early-stage adenocarcinoma of the rectum, has not been reported as a treatment option for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal because making the endoscopic diagnosis of early-stage anal canal cancer is very difficult. We have experienced a case of early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal that was identified without symptoms during routine screening colonoscopy and it was removed by EMR. As far as we know, it is the first case of early-stage anal canal cancer that was diagnosed and treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:329-333)
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A Case of Primary Duodenal Adenocarcinoma Treated by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Kun Hyung Cho, M.D., Jae Young Jang, M.D., Ji-Yun Kim, M.D., HyunJin Park, M.D., Nam Sook Park, M.D., Jeung Eun Park, M.D., Seong Dong Sohn, M.D. and Yun Hwa Kim, M.D.*
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(3):186-189. Published online March 30, 2010
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- Primary nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare disease. In the past, almost all duodenal adenocarcinomas were detected at an advanced stage. Yet recently, an increased number of case reports of early duodenal adenocarcinoma has coincided with the advances in the field of endoscopy, and there has also been an increased number of case reports of duodenal adenocarcinoma treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. We report here on a case of primary nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma that was treated by endoscopic mucosal resection, and there has been no recurrence for over 3 years, as assessed by endoscopic examination. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:186-189)
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Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Tumors
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Sang Un Park, M.D. and Dong Kyung Chang, M.D.
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(3):145-156. Published online March 30, 2010
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- Because screening gastrointestinal endoscopies have been widely performed recently, diagnosis rates of early stage cancer have been increasing rapidly. This trend has also led to advances in therapeutic endoscopy, which is less invasive than surgery. The state-of-the-art technique, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), allows more favorable outcomes than conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) regarding en-bloc resection of the lesion, irrespective of the size of the lesion. ESD has already been established as the standard therapeutic option for neoplastic lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, the use of ESD for colorectal lesions is not yet established because of the unique pathological, organ specific characteristics of colonic lesions. Moreover, endoscopists are required to have higher qualifications to perform ESD and tend to cause complications more frequently. Nevertheless, it is obvious that ESD has a therapeutic advantage for certain colonic lesions and enables endoscopists to achieve a higher en-bloc resection rate, resulting in enhanced curability and more accurate histopathological assessment. Recent development of a special colonoscope for ESD and refinement of devices such as surgical knives and traction systems are expected to overcome some limitations of ESD and a standard protocol will be available in the near future. In this review, we will discuss the current status and future prospects of colorectal ESD. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:145-156)
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Duodenal Carcinoid Tumor Treated by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Jong Hak Choi, M.D., In Do Song, M.D., In Soo Oh, M.D., Beom Jin Kim, M.D., Hyoung Chul Oh, M.D., Jeong Wook Kim, M.D. and Jae Gyu Kim, M.D.
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(1):36-40. Published online January 30, 2010
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- Duodenal carcinoid tumors are rare, and they represent only 2.0∼8.9% of all gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors in the western countries. Duodenal carcinoid tumors have previously been treated by surgical resection. The recently recommended treatment for a carcinoid tumor smaller than 1 cm in diameter is endoscopic resection. We experienced a case of a duodenal carcinoid tumor in a 56 year-old man who presented with upper abdominal pain. On the endoscopic examination, a 6 mm sized polypoid lesion with a central depression was noticed on the duodenal bulb. The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. The endoscopic ultrasound probe showed a hypoechoic tumor that was confined to the submocosal layer. The tumor was completely resected by an endoscopic mucosal resection technique and using a transparent cap. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:36-40)
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Successful Treatment of Gastric Hamartomatous Polyp with Hemorrhage by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Jung Min Lee, M.D., Ji Hoon Baek, M.D., Hye Mi Kang, M.D., Byeng Do Min, M.D., Sang Hoon Park, M.D., Ji Woong Kim, M.D., Jin Woong Cho, M.D. and Myoung Jin Ju, M.D.*
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39(5):300-303. Published online November 30, 2009
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- Hamartomatous polyp is an uncommon lesion. Most of the gastric hamartomatous polyps occur in patients in their 40s because of polyposis coli. Gastric hamartomaotus polyps are usually asymptomatic, but they occasionally manifest with hematemesis or anemia. If they are congenital, then sessile polyps in children should be observed with some measurable frequency. However, many reports have revealed that if the polyp size is big and the risk of rebleeding is high, then ESD or surgical resection can be used to completely remove them. An inverted gastric hamartomatous polyp may have an early gastric cancer component. We report here on an unusual polyp in a 14-years male who presented with hematemesis. Those were about two 3 cm sized large polyps at the proximal antrum and mid body of the stomach, respectively. The polyps were successfully removed by an endoscopic mucosal resection and the lesions were diagnosed as gastric harmatomas. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39:300-303)
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Periampullary Gangliocytic Paraganglioma Successfully Treated by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
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Seon Young Park, M.D., Young A Song, M.D., Nam Chul Jin, M.D., Jun Ho Cho, M.D., Young Eun Joo, M.D., Hyun Soo Kim, M.D., Sung Kyu Choi, M.D. and Jong Sun Rew, M.D.
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39(2):97-102. Published online August 30, 2009
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- Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare tumor that occurs nearly exclusively in the second portion of the duodenum. This tumor is usually considered to be benign. So, endoscopic resection may be the best procedure to facilitate the diagnosis and for treatment to avoid an unnecessary, invasive operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a periampullary gangliocytic paraganglioma that was successfully treated by endoscopic mucosal resection in Korea. We report here a case of a 45-year-old man who was found to have a periampullary gangliocytic paraganglioma. This tumor was adequately treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2009;39:97-102)