Clinical Endoscopy

Focused Review Series: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Tumors

Estimation of Invasion Depth: The First Key to Successful Colorectal ESD: Bo-In Lee, Takahisa Matsuda; Clin Endosc 2019;52(2):100-106. Published online March 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.012

Colorectal tumors with superficial submucosal invasion, which cannot be removed by snaring, are one of the most optimal indications for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Therefore, estimation of the invasion depth is the first key to successful colorectal ESD. Although estimation of the invasion depth based on the gross morphology may be useful in selected cases, its diagnostic accuracy could not reach the clinical requirement. The Japan Narrow-band Imaging (NBI) Expert Team (JNET) classification of NBI magnifying endoscopy findings is a useful method for histologic prediction and invasion depth estimation. However, magnifying chromoendoscopy is still necessary for JNET type 2B lesions to reach a satisfactory diagnostic accuracy. Endocytoscopy with artificial intelligence is a promising technology in invasion depth estimation; however, more data are needed for its clinical application.

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Original Article

Diagnostic Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement in Predicting the Submucosal Invasion of Colorectal Tumors Using Gross Findings, Pit Patterns, and Microvasculatures: Hye Jung Choi, Bo-In Lee, Hwang Choi, Kyu Yong Choi, Sang-Woo Kim, Joo Yong Song, Jeong Seon Ji, Byung-Wook Kim; Clin Endosc 2013;46(2):168-171. Published online March 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.2.168

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background/Aims

Depth of invasion is one of the most important factors for establishing treatment strategy for colorectal tumors.

Methods

Three blinded experts reviewed electronic photos and video clips of 33 early colorectal cancer-like lesions. They estimated the depth of invasion based on conventional white light endoscopy (CWE), magnifying chromoendoscopy (MCE), and magnifying narrow band imaging endoscopy (MNE).

Results

The lesions included nine mucosal low-grade neoplasias, 16 mucosal high grade neoplasias, and eight carcinomas with invasion to the submucosal layer or beyond. The diagnostic accuracy for submucosal invasion by CWE ranged from 67% to 82%, while those by MCE and MNE ranged from 85% to 88% and 85% to 88%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy significantly differed between CWE and MCE (p=0.034) and between CWE and MNE (p=0.039). The kappa values for CWE, MCE, and MNE among the endoscopists were 0.564, 0.673, and 0.673, respectively.

Conclusions

The estimation of submucosal invasion for early colorectal cancer-like lesions based on MCE or MNE is more accurate than CWE. MCE and MNE were demonstrated to have substantial agreement for predicting submucosal invasion.

Citations

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Comparison of endoscopic ultrasonography and magnifying endoscopy for assessment of the invasion depth of shallow gastrointestinal neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Brief Education on Microvasculature and Pit Pattern for Trainees Significantly Improves Estimation of the Invasion Depth of Colorectal Tumors
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Clinical Usefulness of Magnifying Chromoendoscopy and Magnifying Narrow Band Imaging Endoscopy for Predicting the Submucosal Invasion of Early Colorectal Cancers
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Computed Tomography for the Lymph Node Staging of Endoscopically Resectable Early Gastric Cancer: Tae-Hoon Oh, M.D., Ban-Suck Lee, M.D., Min-Geun Kim, M.D., Jeong Soo Ahn, M.D., Tae Joo Jeon, M.D., Dong Dae Seo, M.D., Won Choong Choi, M.D., Won Chang Shin, M.D., Myeong-Ja Jeong, M.D.* and Hyun-Jung Kim, M.D.^†; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2008;37(2):90-96. Published online August 30, 2008

Abstract PDF: Background/Aims: Accurate staging of the lymph nodes (LNs) before endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is important. We evaluated the accuracy of CT for LN staging in patients the endoscopically resectable early gastric cancer (EGC). Methods: The medical records of 155 EGCs patients who had undergone an operation were analyzed. The pre-operatively performed multidetector CT scans and the post-operative histopathologic findings were reviewed for comparing the LN staging with that using the Japanese classification system. Endoscopically resectable EGC was defined as EGC without LN metastasis and also the EGC that satisfied the EMR criteria according to the Japanese guideline. Results: The diagnostic efficacy of CT for LN staging of all the enrolled EGC patients was as follow: accuracy 65.2%, overstaging rate 29.7%, understaging rate 5.2%. The overall accuracy and the overstaging rate of CT for LN staging of endoscopically resectable EGC were as follows: EGC without LN metastasis [69.8% (97/139), 30.2% (42/139)], EGC satisfying extended criteria [72.5% (58/80), 27.5% (22/80)] and EGC satisfying limited criteria [79.2% (19/24), 20.8% (5/24)]. The accuracy of the EMR criteria for predicting node negative EGC were as follows: the extended criteria 98.8% (79/80), the limited criteria 100% (24/24). Conclusions: Our study showed that prediction of LN metastasis before EMR according to CT staging had limited value due to the tendency of overestimation. Therefore, we should preferentially consider the treatment strategy according to the EMR criteria. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2008;37:90-96)

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