Original Articles
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Prevalence and natural course of incidental gastric subepithelial tumors
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Dae-Hyuk Heo, Min A Yang, Jae Sun Song, Won Dong Lee, Jin Woong Cho
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Clin Endosc 2024;57(4):495-500. Published online March 29, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.124
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Graphical Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) are often encountered during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic screening. We assessed the prevalence of gastric SETs and the risk factors for their progression.
Methods
We reviewed the electronic medical records of 30,754 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic screening at our medical center between January 2013 and December 2016.
Results
Among the 30,754 patients examined, 599 (1.94%) had gastric SETs. The prevalence increased with age and was 9.56% in patients aged ≥70 years. In total, 262 patients underwent serial endoscopy for more than 6 months. The median age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR], 61–74), and the number of females was 167 (63.7%). During a median follow-up of 58 months (IQR, 38–75), 22 patients (8.4%) showed significant changes in tumor size. An irregular border (odds ratio, 4.623; 95% confidence interval, 1.093–19.558; p=0.037) was a significant risk factor for progression. Seven patients underwent surgical or endoscopic resections. The pathologies of gastric SETs included leiomyomas (n=3), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (n=2), and lipomas (n=2).
Conclusions
The prevalence of gastric SETs increases with age. Most gastric SETs do not progress during long-term endoscopic examinations, and the risk of an increase in size is low in asymptomatic small SETs without irregular borders.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Advancements in Endoscopic Treatment for Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Osamu Goto, Kazutoshi Higuchi, Eriko Koizumi, Katsuhiko Iwakiri
Gut and Liver.2025; 19(2): 151. CrossRef - Artificial Intelligence-Based Diagnosis of Gastric Mesenchymal Tumors Using Digital Endosonography Image Analysis
Dong Chan Joo, Gwang Ha Kim, Moon Won Lee, Bong Eun Lee, Ji Woo Kim, Kwang Baek Kim
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(13): 3725. CrossRef
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Comparison of diagnostic performances of slow-pull suction and standard suction in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy for gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors
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Joon Seop Lee, Chang Min Cho, Yong Hwan Kwon, An Na Seo, Han Ik Bae, Man-Hoon Han
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Clin Endosc 2022;55(5):637-644. Published online August 17, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.257
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- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is integral to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) subepithelial tumors (SETs). The impact of different EUS-FNB tissue sampling techniques on specimen adequacy and diagnostic accuracy in SETs has not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic outcomes of slow-pull (SP) and standard suction (SS) in patients with GI SETs.
Methods
In this retrospective comparative study, 54 patients were enrolled. Medical records were reviewed for location and size of the target lesion, FNB needle type/size, technical order, specimen adequacy, diagnostic yield, and adverse events. The acquisition rate of adequate specimens and diagnostic accuracy were compared according to EUS-FNB techniques.
Results
The mean lesion size was 42.6±36.4 mm, and most patients were diagnosed with GI stromal tumor (75.9%). The overall diagnostic accuracies of the SP and SS techniques were 83.3% and 81.5%, respectively (p=0.800). The rates of obtaining adequate core tissue were 79.6% and 75.9%, respectively (p=0.799). No significant clinical factors affected the rate of obtaining adequate core tissue, including lesion location and size, FNB needle size, and final diagnosis.
Conclusions
SP and SS had comparable diagnostic accuracies and adequate core tissue acquisition for GI SETs via EUS-FNB.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions
Takuto Hikichi, Minami Hashimoto, Takumi Yanagita, Tsunetaka Kato, Jun Nakamura
Journal of Medical Ultrasonics.2024; 51(2): 195. CrossRef - What method can we choose if rapid on-site evaluation is not available for the endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions?
Yu Kyung Cho
Clinical Endoscopy.2024; 57(1): 53. CrossRef - The Diagnostic Approach of Benign Esophageal Tumors: A Narrative Review
Alex R. Jones, Preksha Vankawala, Tarek Sawas
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology.2024; 22(2): 44. CrossRef - Diagnostic yield of endoscopic and EUS-guided biopsy techniques in subepithelial lesions of the upper GI tract: a systematic review
Cynthia A. Verloop, Jacqueline A.C. Goos, Marco J. Bruno, Rutger Quispel, Lydi M.J.W. van Driel, Lieke Hol
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2024; 99(6): 895. CrossRef - EUS‐guided tissue acquisition from gastric subepithelial lesions—The optimal technique still remains undecided
Suprabhat Giri, Sridhar Sundaram
Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.2024; 27(4): 263. CrossRef - An Esophageal Leiomyoma with Cystic Degeneration Mimicking a Malignant Neoplasm
Gwang Ha Kim, Dong Chan Joo, Moon Won Lee, Bong Eun Lee, Kyungbin Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Prevalence, natural progression, and clinical practices of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions in Korea: a multicenter study
Younghee Choe, Yu Kyung Cho, Gwang Ha Kim, Jun-Ho Choi, Eun Soo Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Eun Kwang Choi, Tae Hyeon Kim, Seong-Hun Kim, Do Hoon Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(6): 744. CrossRef
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Reasons for Diagnostic Failure in Forty-Five Consecutive Mucosal Cutting Biopsy Examinations of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
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Yoshiko Nakano, Toshitatsu Takao, Yoshinori Morita, Shinwa Tanaka, Takashi Toyonaga, Eiji Umegaki, Yuzo Kodama
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Clin Endosc 2020;53(5):575-582. Published online February 14, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.150
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- Background
/Aims: Mucosal cutting biopsy (MCB) is useful for the histopathological diagnosis of gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). However, there is little information on cases in which MCB did not establish a diagnosis. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of cases in which MCB was unsuccessful.
Methods
Cases in which MCB was used to histopathologically diagnose gastric SETs at Kobe University Hospital between August 2012 and October 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
Forty-five cases in which MCB was used to diagnose 43 gastric SETs in 43 patients were analyzed. The median tumor size was 20 mm (range, 8–50 mm). Pathological examinations resulted in definitive and suspected diagnoses and no diagnosis in 29 (gastrointestinal stromal tumor: n=17, leiomyoma: n=7, aberrant pancreas: n=3, others: n=2), 6, and 10 cases, respectively. Failure to expose the tumor according to retrospective examinations of endoscopic images was significantly associated with no diagnosis. Other possible explanations included a less elevated tumor, biopsy of the surrounding field instead of the tumor due to the mobility, and poor endoscope maneuverability due to the tumor being close to the cardia.
Conclusions
Clear exposure of gastric SETs during MCB may improve the diagnostic rate of such examinations.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Diagnostic ability and adverse events of mucosal incision‐assisted biopsy for gastric subepithelial tumors: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Eriko Koizumi, Osamu Goto, Akihisa Matsuda, Toshiaki Otsuka, Yumiko Ishikawa, Shun Nakagome, Masahiro Niikawa, Tsugumi Habu, Keiichiro Yoshikata, Kumiko Kirita, Hiroto Noda, Kazutoshi Higuchi, Takeshi Onda, Jun Omori, Naohiko Akimoto, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kat
Digestive Endoscopy.2025; 37(3): 236. CrossRef - Technical outcomes and postprocedural courses of mucosal incision‐assisted biopsy for possible gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A series of 48 cases (with video)
Eriko Koizumi, Osamu Goto, Shun Nakagome, Tsugumi Habu, Yumiko Ishikawa, Kumiko Kirita, Hiroto Noda, Kazutoshi Higuchi, Takeshi Onda, Teppei Akimoto, Jun Omori, Naohiko Akimoto, Katsuhiko Iwakiri
DEN Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Utility and advantage of the unroofing technique for gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Masashi Yamamoto, Tsutomu Nishida, Ryotaro Uema, Takashi Kanesaka, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Shinji Kitamura, Hideki Iijima, Kengo Nagai, Shusaku Tsutsui, Masato Komori, Katsumi Yamamoto, Yoshiki Tsujii, Yoshito Hayashi, Tetsuo Takehara
DEN Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Endoscopic ultrasound-guided bite-on-bite biopsy and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of gastric tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies: a retrospective cohort study
Liang Min, Yan Jin, Jiefei Chen, Hongyi Zhu, Chengbai Liang, Liang Lv, Yongjun Wang, Deliang Liu, Yuqian Zhou, Yi Chu, Yuyong Tan
Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies.2024; : 1. CrossRef - Systematic Endoscopic Approach for Diagnosing Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Gwang Ha Kim
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(1): 19. CrossRef - The Diagnosis of Small Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Lesions by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration and Biopsy
Masanari Sekine, Takeharu Asano, Hirosato Mashima
Diagnostics.2022; 12(4): 810. CrossRef - Advancements in the Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Osamu Goto, Mitsuru Kaise, Katsuhiko Iwakiri
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(3): 321. CrossRef - Mucosal Incision-Assisted Endoscopic Biopsy as an Alternative to Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration/Biopsy for Gastric Subepithelial Tumor
Cheol Woong Choi, Joo Ha Hwang
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(5): 505. CrossRef
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Case Report
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Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of a Colonic Calcifying Fibrous Tumor
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Jaeyoung Kim, Seongyul Ryu, Yeon-Ji Kim
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Clin Endosc 2020;53(4):487-490. Published online January 21, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.138
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- A 49-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for further treatment due to the suspicion of a submucosal tumor in a routine screening colonoscopy. On colonoscopy, a 1-cm sized subepithelial mass with normal overlying mucosa in the hepatic flexure was found. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed a homogenous hypoechoic lesion arising from the second and third layer. We were unable to make a final diagnosis because the lesion showed a small tumor with atypical macroscopic morphology including EUS findings. Therefore, endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed for the diagnostic treatment of the tumor. Submucosal dissection was performed just above the muscle layer, and the tumor was removed completely and reliably without any acute complications such as perforation. Based on histopathological findings, we diagnosed a benign, calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT). The present case is the first report of successful endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of colonic CFT mimicking a submucosal tumor.
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- Feasibility of endoscopic resection and impact of endoscopic ultrasound-based surveillance on colorectal subepithelial tumors
Eun Young Park, Dong Hoon Baek, Seung Min Hong, Bong Eun Lee, Moon Won Lee, Gwang Ha Kim, Geun Am Song
Surgical Endoscopy.2023; 37(9): 6867. CrossRef - Submucosal Necrotic Nodule of the Colon: An Enigmatic Entity Potentially Related to Anisakis Infection
Raul S. Gonzalez, Laura G. Pastrián, Sergey Pyatibrat, Hernan Dario Quiceno Arias, Yolanda Rodriguez Gil, Adam L. Booth, Itziar de la Peña Navarro, Maddi Garmendia-Irizar, Jennifer R. Lapointe, Mousa Mobarki, Luiz Miguel Nova-Camacho, Gina Parini, Estefan
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.2023; 147(11): 1315. CrossRef
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Focused Review Series: Recent Update of Endoscopic Ultrasonographys in Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration and Biopsy in Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Gyu Young Pih, Do Hoon Kim
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(4):314-320. Published online July 30, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.100
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- The incidence of asymptomatic and incidentally found upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs) is increasing with the implementation of national cancer screening and the development of high-resolution endoscopy in Korea. However, endoscopy alone cannot be used to determine whether SETs are benign or malignant. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is used to further characterize these lesions through the examination of their layered structure, internal echogenicity, size, and relationship to the extramural structure. These provide additional information on whether the lesion is benign or malignant. Nevertheless, the sensitivity and specificity of EUS alone in predicting malignancy is unsatisfactory. Recent guidelines have recommended deciding the timing of EUS-fine needle aspiration and biopsy (EUS-FNA/B) for SETs based on tumor size, malignant features on endoscopy, and high-risk features on EUS. The diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA/B is reportedly influenced by factors including needle size, number of needle passes, use of suction, use of a stylet in the needle assembly, fanning technique, availability of an on-site cytopathologist, and experience of the endosonographer. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the SETs, various subsequent methods and techniques should be appropriately employed to improve the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA/B.
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Citations
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- Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Fine Needle Biopsy Using a Novel Hydrostatic Stylet Tissue Acquisition Technique
Patrick T. Magahis, Donevan Westerveld, Malorie Simons, David L. Carr-Locke, Kartik Sampath, Reem Z. Sharaiha, SriHari Mahadev
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology.2024; 58(4): 407. CrossRef - The role of endoscopic ultrasound in assessment of physiological cardia insufficiency during diagnosis of hiatal hernia
B.F. Shevchenko, O.M. Babii, N.V. Prolom, M.V. Titova, S.O. Tarabarov, S.V. Ushchina
GASTROENTEROLOGY.2024; 58(1): 50. CrossRef - Spectrum of endoscopic gastric subepithelial lesions encountered on EUS-FNA: A single center experience
Poojan Agarwal, Pooja Bakshi, Kusum Verma, Vikas Singla, Anil Arora
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2024; 67(2): 374. CrossRef - Ultrasound-Enhanced Fine-Needle Biopsy Improves Yield in Human Epithelial and Lymphoid Tissue
Yohann Le Bourlout, Minna Rehell, Jetta Kelppe, Jaana Rautava, Emanuele Perra, Jouni Rantanen, Gösta Ehnholm, Nick Hayward, Kristofer Nyman, Kenneth P.H. Pritzker, Jussi Tarkkanen, Timo Atula, Katri Aro, Heikki J. Nieminen
Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.2024; 50(8): 1247. CrossRef - Clinical course of asymptomatic duodenal subepithelial lesions
Seokin Kang, Kwangbeom Park, Do Hoon Kim, Yuri Kim, Hee Kyong Na, Jeong Hoon Lee, Ji Yong Ahn, Kee Wook Jung, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(4): 603. CrossRef - Exploring nanotechnology solutions for improved outcomes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Sofia Gabellone, Silvia Vanni, Valentina Fausti, Giacomo Miserocchi, Chiara Liverani, Chiara Spadazzi, Claudia Cocchi, Chiara Calabrese, Davide Cavaliere, Carlo Alberto Pacilio, Giorgio Ercolani, Federica Pieri, Lorena Gurrieri, Nada Riva, Robin Jones, Al
Heliyon.2024; 10(23): e40596. CrossRef - Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Pancreatic Rest Presenting as a Sub-epithelial Nodule in the Gastric Antrum
Janak Bahirwani, Rodrigo Duarte-Chavez, Lisa Stoll, Ayaz Matin
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Lesiones subepiteliales gástricas únicas. ¿Existen factores predictores de tumores del estroma gastrointestinal que eviten la biopsia?
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Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2023; 46(1): 54. CrossRef - Single gastric subepithelial lesions. Are there predictors of gastrointestinal stromal tumors that prevent biopsy?
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Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2023; 46(1): 54. CrossRef - Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Subepithelial Tumor Treatment in the Upper Digestive Tract: A Western, Multicenter Study
Raffaele Manta, Francesco Paolo Zito, Francesco Pugliese, Angelo Caruso, Santi Mangiafico, Alessandra D’Alessandro, Danilo Castellani, Ugo Germani, Massimiliano Mutignani, Rita Luisa Conigliaro, Luca Reggiani Bonetti, Takahisa Matsuda, Vincenzo De Frances
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Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnostic ability of EUS-FNB with a novel fork-tip needle for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors
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Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022; 20(11): 2435. CrossRef - Comparison of diagnostic performances of slow-pull suction and standard suction in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy for gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors
Joon Seop Lee, Chang Min Cho, Yong Hwan Kwon, An Na Seo, Han Ik Bae, Man-Hoon Han
Clinical Endoscopy.2022; 55(5): 637. CrossRef - The role of endoscopic ultrasound investigation in the diagnosis of submucosal neoplasms of the stomach and duodenum (literature review and our clinical observations)
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GASTROENTEROLOGY.2022; 55(4): 270. CrossRef - Peroral endoscopic tumor resection (POET) with preserved mucosa technique for management of upper gastrointestinal tract subepithelial tumors
Chen-Shuan Chung, Kuo-Hsin Chen, Kuan-Chih Chen, Chiung-Yu Chen, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Cheng-Kuan Lin, Jiann-Ming Wu
Surgical Endoscopy.2021; 35(7): 3753. CrossRef - Gastric Angiolipoma Resected with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Sang Myung Yeo, Jae Kwang Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Chang Geun Park, Jae Kwon Jung, Dae Jin Kim, Yun Jin Chung, Han Jun Ryu
Clinical Endoscopy.2021; 54(3): 432. CrossRef - Subepithelial Tumor-like Gastric Cancer
Kyoungwon Jung, Moo In Park
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2021; 21(2): 106. CrossRef - Convolutional neural network‐based object detection model to identify gastrointestinal stromal tumors in endoscopic ultrasound images
Chang Kyo Oh, Taewan Kim, Yu Kyung Cho, Dae Young Cheung, Bo‐In Lee, Young‐Seok Cho, Jin Il Kim, Myung‐Gyu Choi, Han Hee Lee, Seungchul Lee
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(12): 3387. CrossRef - Fine needle aspiration cytology of primary and metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Gargi Kapatia, Nalini Gupta, Uma Nahar Saikia, Parikshaa Gupta, Manish Rohilla, Ojas Gupta, Radhika Srinivasan, Arvind Rajwanshi, Pranab Dey
Cytopathology.2020; 31(2): 136. CrossRef - Thoracoscopic surgery combined with endoscopic creation of a submucosal tunnel for a large complicated esophageal leiomyoma
Koki Oyama, Kenoki Ohuchida, Koji Shindo, Taiki Moriyama, Yoshitaka Hata, Masafumi Wada, Eikichi Ihara, Shuntaro Nagai, Takao Ohtsuka, Masafumi Nakamura
Surgical Case Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Mucosal Incision-Assisted Endoscopic Biopsy as an Alternative to Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration/Biopsy for Gastric Subepithelial Tumor
Cheol Woong Choi, Joo Ha Hwang
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(5): 505. CrossRef - Endoscopic diagnosis and management of gastric subepithelial lesions
Thomas R. McCarty, Marvin Ryou
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2020; 36(6): 530. CrossRef - Endoscopic submucosal dissection as alternative to surgery for complicated gastric heterotopic pancreas
Jin Hee Noh, Do Hoon Kim, So-Woon Kim, Young Soo Park, Hee Kyong Na, Ji Yong Ahn, Kee Wook Jung, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(20): 4708. CrossRef
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Contrast Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging for Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Takashi Tamura, Masayuki Kitano
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(4):306-313. Published online July 23, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.056
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Abstract
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- Subepithelial tumors are divided into benign subepithelial and potentially malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. It is difficult to distinguish between these tumor types. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound is reportedly useful for diagnosing subepithelial tumors, can be safely and easily performed by understanding the principle and method, and can be used to distinguish between tumor types with high sensitivity on the basis of differences in contrast effect. The generated image shows a hyperenhancement pattern in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (sensitivity, 78%–100%; specificity, 60%–100%; accuracy, 60%–100%) and hypoenhancement pattern in benign subepithelial tumors. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound can be used to estimate the malignancy potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by evaluating the uniformity of the contrast and the blood vessels inside the tumor, with abnormal intra-tumor blood vessels, heterogeneous enhancement, and non-enhancing spots suggesting malignancy. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound has a higher sensitivity than other imaging modalities for the detection of vascularity within gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Additionally, it has been reported that treatment effects can be estimated by evaluating the blood flow in the gastrointestinal stromal tumor before and after treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors using contrastenhanced ultrasound. However, there will be subjective-bias and the results depends on the performer’s skill.
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Citations
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- Endoscopic Ultrasound and Gastric Sub-Epithelial Lesions: Ultrasonographic Features, Tissue Acquisition Strategies, and Therapeutic Management
Marzia Varanese, Marco Spadaccini, Antonio Facciorusso, Gianluca Franchellucci, Matteo Colombo, Marta Andreozzi, Daryl Ramai, Davide Massimi, Roberto De Sire, Ludovico Alfarone, Antonio Capogreco, Roberta Maselli, Cesare Hassan, Alessandro Fugazza, Alessa
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Jiali Wu, Mengqi Zhuang, Yubao Zhou, Xiang Zhan, Weiwei Xie
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 58(5): 542. CrossRef - Endoscopic Ultrasound Advanced Techniques for Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours
Socrate Pallio, Stefano Francesco Crinò, Marcello Maida, Emanuele Sinagra, Vincenzo Francesco Tripodi, Antonio Facciorusso, Andrew Ofosu, Maria Cristina Conti Bellocchi, Endrit Shahini, Giuseppinella Melita
Cancers.2023; 15(4): 1285. CrossRef - EUS-Guided Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Lesions, What Is New?
Thomas Vasilakis, Dimitrios Ziogas, Georgios Tziatzios, Paraskevas Gkolfakis, Eleni Koukoulioti, Christina Kapizioni, Konstantinos Triantafyllou, Antonio Facciorusso, Ioannis S. Papanikolaou
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Sung Jin Lim, Han Mo Yoo, Seung-Woo Lee, Hae Joung Sul, Dong Soo Lee
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Open Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Ultrasound imaging of subepithelial rectal tumors (review)
Y. L. Trubacheva, E. M. Bogdanova, A. E. Pershina
Koloproktologia.2022; 21(1): 107. CrossRef - The Asian Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (AFSUMB) Guidelines for Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasound
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Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.2021; 47(6): 1433. CrossRef - Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Treatment for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Cicilia Marcella, Shakeel Sarwar, Hui Ye, Rui Hua Shi
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(4): 458. CrossRef - Contrast Harmonic-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) Is the Perfect Companion of EUS-Guided Tumor Ablation
Gianmarco Marocchi, Andrea Lisotti, Pietro Fusaroli
Gut and Liver.2020; 14(5): 669. CrossRef
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Original Article
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Comparison of the Diagnostic Ability of Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
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Sang Yoon Kim, Ki-Nam Shim, Joo-Ho Lee, Ji Young Lim, Tae Oh Kim, A. Reum Choe, Chung Hyun Tae, Hye-Kyung Jung, Chang Mo Moon, Seong-Eun Kim, Sung-Ae Jung
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(6):565-573. Published online July 17, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.019
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Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the most efficient imaging modality for gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). However, abdominopelvic computed tomography (APCT) has other advantages in evaluating the characteristics, local extension, or invasion of SETs to adjacent organs. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of EUS and APCT based on surgical histopathology results.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data from 53 patients who underwent both EUS and APCT before laparoscopic wedge resection for gastric SETs from January 2010 to December 2017 at a single institution. On the basis of histopathology results, we assessed the diagnostic ability of the 2 tests.
Results
The overall accuracy of EUS and APCT was 64.2% and 50.9%, respectively. In particular, the accuracy of EUS vs. APCT for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), leiomyomas, and ectopic pancreas was 83.9% vs. 74.2%, 37.5% vs. 0.0%, and 57.1% vs. 14.3%, respectively. Most of the incorrect diagnoses with EUS involved hypoechoic lesions originating in the fourth echolayer, with the most common misdiagnosed lesions being GISTs mistaken for leiomyomas and vice versa.
Conclusions
APCT showed a lower overall accuracy than EUS; however, APCT remains a useful modality for malignant/potentially malignant gastric SETs.
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- Correlation of preoperative CT features with intra- and postoperative parameters of endoscopic resection in patients with gastric submucosal tumor (1~3 cm)
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Moon Won Lee, Bong Eun Lee
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Gwang Ha Kim
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Pierre H. Deprez, Leon M.G. Moons, Dermot OʼToole, Rodica Gincul, Andrada Seicean, Pedro Pimentel-Nunes, Gloria Fernández-Esparrach, Marcin Polkowski, Michael Vieth, Ivan Borbath, Tom G. Moreels, Els Nieveen van Dijkum, Jean-Yves Blay, Jeanin E. van Hooft
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Yu-Ning Lin, Ming-Yan Chen, Chun-Yi Tsai, Wen-Chi Chou, Jun-Te Hsu, Chun-Nan Yeh, Ta-Sen Yeh, Keng-Hao Liu
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(2): 297. CrossRef - Advancements in the Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Osamu Goto, Mitsuru Kaise, Katsuhiko Iwakiri
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V. O. Shaprynskyi, Yu. V. Babii
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Jian-Xia Xu, Qiao-Ling Ding, Yuan-Fei Lu, Shu-Feng Fan, Qin-Pan Rao, Ri-Sheng Yu
European Journal of Radiology.2021; 134: 109395. CrossRef - A Nomogram for Predicting Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery during the Endoscopic Resection of Subepithelial Tumors of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Shun-Wen Hsiao, Mei-Wen Chen, Chia-Wei Yang, Kuo-Hua Lin, Yang-Yuan Chen, Chew-Teng Kor, Siou-Ping Huang, Hsu-Heng Yen
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Gabriel Alonso Mosquera-Klinger, Jhon Jaime Carvajal Gutiérrez, Alavaro Andrés Gómez Venegas, Sebastián Niño Ramírez, Raúl Cañadas Garrido
Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterología.2020; 35(4): 506. CrossRef - Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors Using Endoscopic Ultrasonography or Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography: Which is Better?
Eun Young Park, Gwang Ha Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2019; 52(6): 519. CrossRef
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Focused Review Series: Recent Update of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Current Status of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Sang Gyun Kim, Ji Hyun Song, Joo Ha Hwang
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(4):301-305. Published online July 9, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.024
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Abstract
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- Gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (GSTs) are usually detected incidentally on endoscopic or radiologic examinations. In conventional endoscopy, a GST usually presents as a protuberant lesion with an intact mucosal surface. As the lesion is located beneath the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract, conventional biopsy typically does not reveal the pathologic diagnosis. First, a GST should be differentiated from an extrinsic compression through the positional change of the patient during conventional endoscopic examination. In cases of GSTs originating from the gastrointestinal wall, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can be beneficial for narrowing the differential diagnosis through delineation of echo findings and by determining the layer of origin. EUS findings can also help determine the management strategies for GSTs by making a differential diagnosis according to malignant potential.
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Citations
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- Endoscopic Resection of Upper Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumours: Our Clinical Experience and Results
Mehmet Zeki Buldanlı, Oktay Yener
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Bokyung Kim, Seungkyung Kang, Eunwoo Lee, Jinju Choi, Hyunsoo Chung, Soo-Jeong Cho, Sang Gyun Kim
Surgical Endoscopy.2022; 36(7): 5232. CrossRef - Traumatic neuroma of remnant cystic duct mimicking duodenal subepithelial tumor: A case report
Dong-Hwan Kim, Ji-Ho Park, Jin-Kyu Cho, Jung-Wook Yang, Tae-Han Kim, Sang-Ho Jeong, Young-Hye Kim, Young- Joon Lee, Soon-Chan Hong, Eun-Jung Jung, Young-Tae Ju, Chi-Young Jeong, Ju-Yeon Kim
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(17): 3821. CrossRef
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Case Report
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Primary Gastric Small Cell Carcinoma: A Case Identified as a Large Subepithelial Tumor from Invisible State in 6 Months
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Yun Im Lee, Hong Kil Jeon, Jae Wook Im, Sang Yu Oh, Kyung Bin Kim, Byunggyu Kim
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(1):76-79. Published online July 6, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.062
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Abstract
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- Primary gastric small cell carcinoma (GSCC) is one of the gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. It is a rare cancer with a very aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis because of the high rate of metastases. It is usually found in far advanced stage. We experienced a case of GSCC which had developed into a large subepithelial tumor (SET) from invisible state in a short period. A 65-year-old man consulted our hospital because of early gastric cancer. He underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for the early gastric cancer at high body posterior wall. After 6 months, the follow-up endoscopy showed a large newly developed SET-like lesion with central ulceration at the gastric cardia. Endoscopic biopsy revealed GSCC. Total gastrectomy was performed. One out of the 26 perigastric lymph nodes had a metastasis. He received 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin. He is still in good health 12 months after operation.
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- Metastatic Small Cell Carcinoma of the Stomach
Mirac Gunay, Celia Leone, Oksana Albayati, Abdalla Mohamed, Nnaemeka Anyadike
ACG Case Reports Journal.2024; 11(10): e01540. CrossRef - Lysyl oxidase and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α: biomarkers of gastric cancer
Ya-Lin Han, Li Chen, Rui Qin, Guan-Qing Wang, Xiao-Hua Lin, Guang-Hai Dai
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 25(15): 1828. CrossRef
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5,535
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2
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Focused Review Series: The New Era of Therapeutic Endoscopy - Endoscopic Submucosal Surgery
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Endoscopic Treatment of Subepithelial Tumors
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Su Young Kim, Kyoung-Oh Kim
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Clin Endosc 2018;51(1):19-27. Published online January 31, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.020
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Abstract
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- Gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs) are generally found during endoscopy and their incidence has gradually increased. Although the indications for the endoscopic treatment of patients with SETs remain to be established, the feasibility and safety of endoscopic dissection, including the advantages of this method compared with surgical treatment, have been validated in many studies. The development of endoscopic techniques, such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic enucleation, endoscopic excavation, endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection, submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection, and endoscopic full-thickness resection has enabled the removal of SETs while reducing the occurrence of complications. Here, we discuss the endoscopic treatment of patients with SETs, outcomes for endoscopic treatment, and procedure-related complications. We also consider the advantages and disadvantages of the various endoscopic techniques.
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Yuxiang Chen, Xinrui Zhu, Shasha Ding, Mo Chen, Jinlin Yang, Kai Deng
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Kuang-Fang Lin, Chien-Chuan Chen, Chieh-Chang Chen, Ming-Lun Han, Hsiu-Po Wang, Ming-Shiang Wu, Ping-Huei Tseng
Surgical Endoscopy.2025; 39(3): 1961. CrossRef - Present situation of minimally invasive surgical treatment for early gastric cancer
Chun-Yan Li, Yi-Feng Wang, Li-Kang Luo, Xiao-Jun Yang
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Paolo Cecinato, Emanuele Sinagra, Liboria Laterza, Federica Pianigiani, Giuseppe Grande, Romano Sassatelli, Giovanni Barbara
Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology.2024; 71: 101931. CrossRef - Endoscopic resection in subepithelial lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract: Experience at a tertiary referral hospital in The Netherlands
Cynthia Verloop, Lieke Hol, Marco Bruno, Lydi Van Driel, Arjun Dave Koch
Endoscopy International Open.2024; 12(07): E868. CrossRef - Cold snare endoscopic resection for subepithelial tumors of the upper third of the esophagus
Xiaosan Hu, Lifeng Zhou, Jian Chen, Yunlin Yue
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Mafalda João, Inês Cunha, Elisa Gravito-Soares, Marta Gravito-Soares, Pedro Amaro, Pedro Figueiredo
GE - Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 29(1): 45. CrossRef - Endoscopic Resection of Upper Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumours: Our Clinical Experience and Results
Mehmet Zeki Buldanlı, Oktay Yener
Prague Medical Report.2022; 123(1): 20. CrossRef - Natural History of Asymptomatic Esophageal Subepithelial Tumors of 30 mm or Less in Size
Seokin Kang, Do Hoon Kim, Yuri Kim, Dongsub Jeon, Hee Kyong Na, Jeong Hoon Lee, Ji Yong Ahn, Kee Wook Jung, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Risk stratification in patients with upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors undergoing submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection
Yong Lv, Shaohua Li, Xiuhe Lv, Qing Liu, Yu Zheng, Yang Su, Changbin Yang, Yanglin Pan, Liping Yao, Huahong Xie
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Ya-qi Zhai, Ning-li Chai, Wen-gang Zhang, Hui-kai Li, Zhong-sheng Lu, Xiu-xue Feng, Sheng-zhen Liu, En-qiang Linghu
Surgical Endoscopy.2021; 35(11): 6132. CrossRef - Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection for Gastric Subepithelial Lesions Arising from the Muscularis Propria
Ah Lon Jung, Sang Wook Park, Gun Young Hong, Hyeong Chul Moon, Seo Joon Eun
Clinical Endoscopy.2021; 54(1): 131. CrossRef - A Review of Endoscopic Full-thickness Resection, Submucosal Tunneling Endoscopic Resection, and Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Resection of Subepithelial Lesions
Vicky H. Bhagat, Marina Kim, Michel Kahaleh
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Jung Min Lee, In Kyung Yoo, Sung Pyo Hong, Joo Young Cho, Young Kwan Cho
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Fernando Lopes Ponte Neto, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura, Vitor Massaro Takamatsu Sagae, Igor Braga Ribeiro, Fabio Catache Mancini, Mateus Bond Boghossian, Thomas R. McCarty, Nelson Tomio Miyajima, Edson Ide, Wanderley Marques Bernardo, Eduardo Guimarã
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Yingtong Chen, Min Wang, Lili Zhao, He Chen, Li Liu, Xiang Wang, Zhining Fan
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Shria Kumar, Vinay Chandrasekhara, Michael L Kochman, Nuzhat Ahmad, Sara Attalla, Immanuel K Ho, David L Jaffe, Peter J Lee, Kashyap V Panganamamula, Monica Saumoy, Danielle Fortuna, Gregory G Ginsberg
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Hung Leng Kaan, Khek Yu Ho
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Tanja Miltner
Der Gastroenterologe.2019; 14(6): 470. CrossRef - Submucosal Tunnel Endoscopic Resection for Esophageal Submucosal Tumors: A Multicenter Study
Sufang Tu, Silin Huang, Guohua Li, Xiaowei Tang, Haitao Qing, Qiaoping Gao, Jingwen Fu, Guoping Du, Wei Gong
Gastroenterology Research and Practice.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
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8,274
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21
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20
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Focused Review Series: Advanceses in the management of upper GI SET
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Advances in the Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumor: Pathologic Diagnosis Using Endoscopy without Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy
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Hang Lak Lee
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Clin Endosc 2016;49(3):216-219. Published online May 30, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.064
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Abstract
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- Until now, biopsy methods for subepithelial tumors (SETs) have focused on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy; however, these methods have several limitations. We devised a simple method for pathologic diagnosis of SETs. SETs are occasionally diagnosed during endoscopy, and lesions are generally small and asymptomatic. It can be challenging to decide on a management plan for large asymptomatic SETs. EUS imaging provides information regarding the size, layer, and echo pattern of the lesions. Patient management plans have traditionally been determined based on EUS images, whereby the endoscopist chooses to either monitor or remove the tumor. However, EUS alone cannot diagnose and evaluate upper gastrointestinal SETs with high accuracy. As sufficient tissue samples are required for the accurate diagnosis of SETs, EUS-guided biopsy techniques such as EUS fine-needle aspiration and trucut biopsy are currently used. However, these methods have a relatively low diagnostic accuracy and do not always provide information upon immunohistochemical staining. Endoscopists can easily detect a submucosal mass after creating an iatrogenic mucosal ulcer, after which tissue sampling is performed by using endoscopic biopsy. Furthermore, pathologic results can differentiate between benign and premalignant lesions. Here, we introduce a simple method for the pathologic diagnosis of SETs.
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Hans Seifert, Pietro Fusaroli, PaoloGiorgio Arcidiacono, Barbara Braden, Felix Herth, Michael Hocke, Alberto Larghi, Bertrand Napoleon, Mihai Rimbas, BogdanSilvio Ungureanu, Adrian Sãftoiu, AnandV Sahai, ChristophF Dietrich
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Ming‐Yan Cai, Francisco Martin Carreras‐Presas, Ping‐Hong Zhou
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7,875
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Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in Guiding Treatment Plans for Upper Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors
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Jeong Seop Moon
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Clin Endosc 2016;49(3):220-225. Published online May 20, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.047
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Abstract
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- Gastrointestinal (GI) subepithelial tumors (SETs) are usually observed incidentally by endoscopy and have diverse prognoses, varying from benign to potentially malignant. When a GI SET is suspected, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the most accurate diagnostic method to differentiate it from extraluminal compression. To determine the nature of GI SETs, EUS is also the most accurate diagnostic method, and reveals the precise sonographic nature of the lesion. There are some SETs with typical EUS findings of GI SETs, but most hypoechoic lesions are difficult to diagnose based on EUS images alone. EUS is also helpful to determine GI wall involvement in SETs and optimal treatment methods. For the diagnosis of GI SETs, obtaining a proper specimen is essential. EUS-guided cytology or biopsy methods such as fine-needle aspiration, Tru-Cut biopsy, and the newly introduced fine-needle biopsy (FNB) provide good results. To increase the diagnostic yield for GI SETs, cytology with immunocytochemical staining is used for cytological interpretation, resulting in good diagnostic yields. Recently, EUS-FNB using cheese slicer technology has been introduced, and has been reported to provide good diagnostic results for GI SETs.
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- Orthodontic rubber band traction to facilitate endoscopic resection of gastric submucosal tumor
Linfu Zheng, Dazhou Li, Linxin Zhou, Xiaoyu Zhang, Zewen Zhang, Donggui Hong, Meiyan Liu, Jianxiao Huang, Wen Wang
Arab Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 25(3): 263. CrossRef - The value of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound in differential diagnosis and evaluation of malignant risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (<50mm)
Jiali Wu, Mengqi Zhuang, Yubao Zhou, Xiang Zhan, Weiwei Xie
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 58(5): 542. CrossRef - Prevalence, natural progression, and clinical practices of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions in Korea: a multicenter study
Younghee Choe, Yu Kyung Cho, Gwang Ha Kim, Jun-Ho Choi, Eun Soo Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Eun Kwang Choi, Tae Hyeon Kim, Seong-Hun Kim, Do Hoon Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(6): 744. CrossRef - Nomogram to predict gas-related complications during transoral endoscopic resection of upper gastrointestinal submucosal lesions
Jia Yang, Zhi-Guo Chen, Xing-Lin Yi, Jing Chen, Lei Chen
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 15(11): 649. CrossRef - Clinical study of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of submucosal tumor originating from the muscularis propria layer of the esophagus
Yue Zhang, Jing Wen, Shuxian Zhang, Xuyang Liang, Ling Ren, Lu Wang, Yunliang Sun, Shouying Li, Kun Wang, Shengxiang Lv, Xiao Qiao
Medicine.2022; 101(51): e32380. CrossRef - Efficacy and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for gastric submucosal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
bendaxin cao, JiaXi Lu, YuYong Tan, DeLiang Liu
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Efficacy and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors with more than 1-year' follow-up: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wei Peng, Shali Tan, Shu Huang, Yutang Ren, Huan Li, Yan Peng, Xiangsheng Fu, Xiaowei Tang
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Hyun Seok Lee, Chang Min Cho, Yong Hwan Kwon, Su Youn Nam
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Sang Gyun Kim, Ji Hyun Song, Joo Ha Hwang
Clinical Endoscopy.2019; 52(4): 301. CrossRef - Comparison of the Diagnostic Ability of Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Sang Yoon Kim, Ki-Nam Shim, Joo-Ho Lee, Ji Young Lim, Tae Oh Kim, A. Reum Choe, Chung Hyun Tae, Hye-Kyung Jung, Chang Mo Moon, Seong-Eun Kim, Sung-Ae Jung
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Eun Young Park, Gwang Ha Kim
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Van Huy Tran, Khanh Vinh
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Do Hoon Kim, Gwang Ha Kim, Chang Min Cho, Chang Hwan Park, Soo-Young Na, Tae Hyeon Kim, Yu Kyung Cho, Ji Hyun Kim, Dong-Wan Seo
BMC Gastroenterology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Is Endoscopic Ultrasonography Adequate for the Diagnosis of Gastric Schwannomas?
Eun Jeong Gong, Kee Don Choi
Clinical Endoscopy.2016; 49(6): 498. CrossRef
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Long-Term Outcomes after Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
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Jong-Jae Park
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Clin Endosc 2016;49(3):232-234. Published online May 19, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.052
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Abstract
PDF
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- Endoscopic resection of gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) has several advantages over biopsy techniques, such as superior diagnostic yield and definite diagnosis. Removal of gastric SETs and histopathologic confirmation should be considered whenever gastric SETs are highly suspected to have malignant potential such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) or neuroendocrine tumor. According to our clinical experience, we suggest that endoscopic resection of gastric SETs is feasible for GISTs less than 3.0 cm without positive endoscopic ultrasonography findings or for hypoechoic SETs less than 3.0 cm. However, serious complications such as macroperforation may occur during endoscopic resection, and this procedure is highly dependent on endoscopists’ skills. We recently reported the long-term clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection of gastric GIST, which showed a relatively low recurrence rate (2.2%) during long-term follow-up (46.0±28.5 months) despite the low R0 resection rate (25.0%). We suggest that endoscopic surveillance might be possible without additional surgical resection in completely resected GISTs without residual tumor confirmed to be lower risk, even if they show an R1 resection margin.
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Review
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Colorectal Subepithelial Lesions
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Tae Oh Kim
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(4):302-307. Published online July 24, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.4.302
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Most of subepithelial lesion (SEL) being identified was accidentally discovered as small bulging lesion covered with normal mucosa from endoscopic screening. The type of treatment and prognosis vary depending on the type of tumor, it would be crucial to perform an accurate differential diagnosis. Since the differentiation of SEL relied on the indirect findings observed from the mucosal surface using an endoscopy only in the past, it was able to confirm the presence of lesion only but difficult to identify complex detailed nature of the lesion. However, after the endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was introduced, it became possible to identify extrinsic compression, and size of intramural tumors, internal properties and contour so that it gets possible to have differential diagnosis of lesions and prediction on the lesion whether it is malignant or benign. In addition, the use of EUS-guided fine needle aspiration and EUS-guided core biopsy made it possible to make histological differential diagnosis. This study intended to investigate endoscopic and EUS findings, histological diagnosis, treatment regimen and impression of colorectal SELs.
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- A Rare Subepithelial Lesion of the Proximal Colon Evaluated Using Miniprobe Endoscopic Ultrasonography: A Case Report
Hidetaka Hamamoto, Tomoki Matsuda, Mareyuki Endo
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinicopathologic and Endosonographic Characteristics of Colon Subepithelial Tumors Discovered Incidentally
Aryoung Kim, Sung Noh Hong, Dong Kyung Chang, Young-Ho Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Eun Ran Kim
Diagnostics.2024; 14(5): 551. CrossRef - Prone Jack-Knife Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Safe and Effective Approach for Anterior Low Rectal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Jothinathan Muniandy, Cheng-Wei Huang, Tao-Wei Ke, William Tzu-Liang Chen
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Colonoscopy-assisted laparoscopic wedge resection for a large symptomatic colonic lipoma
Julia Hanevelt, Wouter Hugo de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel, Fiebo Johannes Cornelis ten Kate, Henderik Leendert van Westreenen
BMJ Case Reports.2024; 17(4): e258947. CrossRef - Penile Prosthetic Pump Reservoir Mimicking a Cecal Subepithelial Mass
Prince Addo Ameyaw, Harry R. Aslanian
ACG Case Reports Journal.2024; 11(7): e01413. CrossRef - Aggressive fibromatosis of the sigmoid colon: A case report
Pan-Pan Yu, Xin-Chun Liu, Lu Yin, Guang Yin
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2024; 16(8): 3716. CrossRef - A Review of Colonoscopy in Intestinal Diseases
Seung Hong, Dong Baek
Diagnostics.2023; 13(7): 1262. CrossRef - Application of rubber band and clip traction for removal of a submucosal fecalith mimicking a submucosal tumor of the appendix under colonoscopy
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Original Article
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Yields and Utility of Endoscopic Ultrasonography-Guided 19-Gauge Trucut Biopsy versus 22-Gauge Fine Needle Aspiration for Diagnosing Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
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Hee Kyong Na, Jeong Hoon Lee, Young Soo Park, Ji Yong Ahn, Kwi-Sook Choi, Do Hoon Kim, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Jin-Ho Kim
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(2):152-157. Published online March 27, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.2.152
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- Background/Aims
To evaluate the yields and utility of 19-gauge (G) Trucut biopsy (TCB) versus 22 G fine needle aspiration (FNA) for diagnosing gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs).
MethodsWe retrieved data for 152 patients with a gastric SET larger than 2 cm who had undergone endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided 19 G TCB (n=90) or 22 G FNA (n=62). Relevant clinical, tumor-specific, and EUS procedural information was reviewed retrospectively.
ResultsA specific diagnosis was made for 76 gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and 51 non-GIST SETs. The diagnostic yield of TCB was greater than that of FNA (77.8% vs. 38.7%, p<0.001). The percentage of non-diagnostic specimens (suspicious and insufficient) was significantly lower in the TCB group (6.7% and 15.5%, respectively) than in the FNA group (22.6% and 38.7%, respectively; both p<0.001). TCB accurately diagnosed 90.9% of GISTs and 81.1% of non-GIST SETs, whereas FNA accurately diagnosed 68.8% of GISTs and 14.3% of non-GIST SETs. There were nine technical failures with TCB, and the rate of adverse events did not differ between the groups (TCB vs. FNA, 3.3% vs. 8.1%; p=0.27).
ConclusionsNineteen-gauge TCB is safe and highly valuable for diagnosing gastric SETs larger than 2 cm if technical failure can be avoided.
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Case Reports
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An Extremely Rare Case of Gastric Subepithelial Tumor: Gastric Endometriosis
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Jong Kun Ha, Cheol Woong Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Su Bum Park, Su Jin Kim, Jeong Beom Hong
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(1):74-77. Published online January 31, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.1.74
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Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. It is common in women of childbearing age, and is most frequently located in the pelvic cavity. Approximately 10% of endometriosis cases occur outside of the pelvic cavity in locations such as the intestines, genitourinary system, kidneys, lungs, and skin. However, there have been few reports of endometriosis in the stomach. Here, we report a rare case of endometriosis that presented as a subepithelial stomach tumor.
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- Gastric Endometriosis
Bendeguz Metz, Yael Tovia, Dimitrios R. Kalaitzopoulos, Nicolas Samartzis
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology.2024; 31(8): 633. CrossRef - Müllerian‐type carcinosarcoma arising in gastric endometriosis: Case report and review of the literature
Rayne Peerenboom, Sabrina Wang, Ryan Morgan, Seth Sankary, Lindsay Yassan, Katherine Kurnit, Mitchell C. Posner
Clinical Case Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Gastric wall endometriosis: A case report
Meng Chieh Chou
Tungs' Medical Journal.2024; 18(2): 121. CrossRef - Transcoelomic and Lympho-Hematogenous Dissemination of Endometrioid Heterotopias – the Mechanism of Extragenital Endometriosis Formation
R. V. Ukrainets, Yu. S. Korneva
Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology.2021; 10(1): 85. CrossRef - Molecular and Cellular Changes in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis
K. A. Toniyan, O. I. Orlov, V. V. Boyarintsev, I. V. Ogneva
Human Physiology.2021; 47(6): 690. CrossRef - Imaging of gastrointestinal endometriosis: what the radiologist should know
Adrian Jaramillo-Cardoso, Anuradha S. Shenoy-Bhangle, Wendaline M. VanBuren, Giancarlo Schiappacasse, Christine O. Menias, Koenraad J. Mortele
Abdominal Radiology.2020; 45(6): 1694. CrossRef
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Intramural Gastric Abscess Caused by a Toothpick Presenting as a Subepithelial Tumor
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Wang Guk Oh, Mun Chul Kim, Hyun Ju Yoon, Jae Woo Park, Min A Yang, Cheon Beom Lee, Ji Woong Kim, Jin Woong Cho
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Clin Endosc 2014;47(3):254-257. Published online May 31, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.3.254
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In the present report, we describe an unusual case of an intramural gastric abscess caused by a foreign body, detected in the form of a subepithelial tumor. A 64-year-old woman was referred to our gastroenterology clinic for further evaluation of a gastric subepithelial tumor. The patient presented with a 1-month history of sustained dull epigastric pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an ill-demarcated, round, smooth, protruding lesion with a small central erosion on the great curvature of the proximal antrum. Endoscopic ultrasonography indicated the presence of an ovoid, heterogeneous, hypoechoic lesion with small echogenic foci located in the submucosa and muscularis propria layers. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed focal gastric wall thickening and regional lymph node enlargement. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed for definite diagnosis and management. Thus, we detected a toothpick and removed it using grasping forceps. The final diagnosis was an intramural gastric abscess caused by a toothpick.
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- Intramural gastric abscesses in a dog
I. Otero Balda, M. Augusto, C. Lassaigne, M. P. Maurin
Journal of Small Animal Practice.2024; 65(7): 596. CrossRef - Case report: Surgical treatment of pyloric obstruction with intramural gastric abscess induced by fragmented crystalline foreign materials in a dog
Jihun Kim, Hyunglak Son, Sungin Lee
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnostic challenges in differentiating intramural gastric abscess from gastric cancer
Youwei Chen, Yong Han, Jing Du
Medicine.2018; 97(43): e12756. CrossRef - Forgotten Swallowed Wooden Toothpick Detected on Ultrasound
Gauri R. Khorjekar, Michael C. Hill, Olena Hartwell, Nadia J. Khati
Ultrasound Quarterly.2015; 31(3): 227. CrossRef - Highlights from the 50th Seminar of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Eun Young Kim, Il Ju Choi, Kwang An Kwon, Ji Kon Ryu, Seok Ho Dong, Ki Baik Hahm
Clinical Endoscopy.2014; 47(4): 285. CrossRef
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7,403
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Endoscopic Treatment of Various Gastrointestinal Tract Defects with an Over-the-Scope Clip: Case Series from a Tertiary Referral Hospital
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Woong Cheul Lee, Weon Jin Ko, Jun-Hyung Cho, Tae Hee Lee, Seong Ran Jeon, Hyun Gun Kim, Joo Young Cho
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Clin Endosc 2014;47(2):178-182. Published online March 31, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.2.178
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Recently, increasingly invasive therapeutic endoscopic procedures and more complex gastrointestinal surgeries such as endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and novel laparoscopic approaches have resulted in endoscopists being confronted more frequently with perforations, fistulas, and anastomotic leakages, for which nonsurgical closure is desired. In this article, we present our experiences with the use of over-the-scope clip (OTSC) for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) closure, prevention of perforation, anastomotic leakages, and fistula closures. The OTSC is a valuable device for closing intestinal perforations and fistulas, for NOTES closure, and for the prevention of perforation after the excision of a tumor from the proper muscle layer. Furthermore, it seems to be quite safe to perform, even by endoscopists with little experience of the technique.
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- Gastrointestinale Endoskopie im postoperativen Komplikationsmanagement
Marcus Kantowski, Gabriel Alexander Salg
Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie up2date.2025; 19(01): 53. CrossRef - Experimental Evaluation of the Optimal Suture Pattern With a Flexible Endoscopic Suturing System
Peter Halvax, Michele Diana, Yoshihiro Nagao, Jacques Marescaux, Lee Swanström
Surgical Innovation.2017; 24(3): 201. CrossRef - Management of non-acute gastrointestinal defects using the over-the-scope clips (OTSCs): a retrospective single-institution experience
Joshua S. Winder, Afif N. Kulaylat, Jane R. Schubart, Hassan M. Hal, Eric M. Pauli
Surgical Endoscopy.2016; 30(6): 2251. CrossRef - Early endoscopic closure of colocutaneous fistula adjacent to unmatured low colorectal anastomosis with the Over-The-Scope Clip (OTSC)
Constantinos Avgoustou, K. Paraskeva
Hellenic Journal of Surgery.2016; 88(3): 193. CrossRef - Endoscopic Closure for Full-Thickness Gastrointestinal Defects: Available Applications and Emerging Innovations
Nobuyoshi Takeshita, Khek Yu Ho
Clinical Endoscopy.2016; 49(5): 438. CrossRef
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A Case of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Presenting as a Subepithelial Tumor Diagnosed by ESD
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Dae Hyun Baek, M.D., Seong Hwan Kim, M.D., Jun Young Jung, M.D., Byoung Kwan Son, M.D., Yunju Jo, M.D., Young Sook Park, M.D. and Won Mi Lee, M.D.*
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Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2011;42(4):236-240. Published online April 28, 2011
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Abstract
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- A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma is very rare, and the histological diagnosis is very difficult. These carcinomas result in a poor prognosis because they are preceded by severe lymphovascular invasion and early metastasis. In particular, it is difficult to distinguish between adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma by endoscopy when no specific symptoms are present (e.g., dyspepsia, nausea). According to published articles in Korea, most cases were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma initially; however, they were confirmed postoperatively as neuroendocrine carcinoma based on a histological examination using immunohistochemical staining. A case of a 55-year-old man, who had an incidental finding of a subepithelial tumor during his health check-up, was recommended for an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). But the patient was lost to follow-up for 4 years. When he was examined again, the size of the tumor had increased from the previous exam. He underwent ESD and was diagnosed with a well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2011;42:236-240)