Original Article
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Efficacy of a novel channel-cleaning ball brush for endoscope reprocessing: a randomized controlled trial
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Kwang Hyun Chung, Jeong Don Chae, Wonho Choe, Hyo Young Lee, Il Hwan Oh, Byoung Kwan Son
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Clin Endosc 2022;55(5):674-682. Published online August 2, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.210
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Abstract
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- Background
/Aims: Endoscopic channels are difficult to clean and can cause infection transmission. We examined the effectiveness of a newly developed channel-cleaning ball brush (BB), which is sucked into the endoscopic channel and scrapes and cleans the lumen as it passes through.
Methods
The upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopes used for patient examinations were randomly selected as the conventional brush (CB) or BB group. After manual cleaning, the presence or absence of carbohydrates, proteins, adenosine triphosphate, and hemoglobin was assessed.
Results
Fifty-six and 58 endoscopes were cleaned with the CB and BB, respectively. Carbohydrate and protein were detected in one (1.8%) and two endoscopes (3.4%) in the CB and BB groups, respectively (p=1.000). Hemoglobin was observed in one (1.8%) and three endoscopes (5.2%) in the CB and BB groups, respectively (p=0.636). The adenosine triphosphate levels were 10.6±15.9 and 12.5±14.3 relative light units in the CB and BB groups, respectively (p=0.496). Twenty-seven (48.2%) and 19 (32.8%) endoscopes were positive for microbial cultures in the CB and BB groups, respectively (p=0.136).
Conclusions
The efficacy of BB was not significantly different from that of CB in the endoscopic channel-cleaning process.
Special Review: Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy “Accreditation of Qualified Endoscopy Unit” Guideline: Update 2019
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Updates on the Disinfection and Infection Control Process of the Accredited Endoscopy Unit
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Jeong Eun Shin, Yunho Jung, Jeong Hoon Lee, Byoung Kwan Son, Jae-Young Jang, Hyung-Keun Kim, Byung Ik Jang, The Quality Management Committee and the Disinfection Management Committee of Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
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Clin Endosc 2019;52(5):443-450. Published online September 30, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.173
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- A thorough disinfection and infection control process associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy is highly important for the health and safety of the examinee and the medical staff involved in the procedure. Endoscopic reprocessing and disinfection are two of the most important steps in quality control of endoscopy. In 2019, the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy updated the Accreditation of Qualified Endoscopy Unit assessment items for these quality indicators. Assessment of disinfection and infection control comprises 28 mandatory items in the categories of disinfection education, pre-cleaning, cleaning, disinfection, rinsing, drying, reprocessing, storage, endoscopic accessories, water bottle and connectors, space/facilities, personal protective equipment, disinfection ledger, and regulations regarding infection control and disinfection.
The updated Accreditation of Qualified Endoscopy Unit assessment items are useful for improving the quality of endoscopy by ensuring thorough inspection of endoscopic disinfection and infection control.
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Citations
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- Analysis of sterilization efficiency and application cost of three low temperature sterilization methods
Hui Chen, Jiawei Liu, Aiying Zeng, Nian Qin
Review of Scientific Instruments.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Infection control in the bronchoscopy suite: effective reprocessing and disinfection of reusable bronchoscopes
Mamta S. Chhabria, Fabien Maldonado, Atul C. Mehta
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine.2023; 29(1): 21. CrossRef - Endoscopy in surgery
María Rita Rodríguez-Luna, Silvana Perretta
Frontiers in Gastroenterology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Safety of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Korea: A Nationwide Survey and Population-Based Study
Yunho Jung, Jung-Wook Kim, Jong Pil Im, Yu Kyung Cho, Tae Hee Lee, Jae-Young Jang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - A nationwide survey on the effectiveness of training on endoscope reprocessing within the national cancer screening program in Korea
Hye Young Shin, Da Hun Jang, Jae Kwan Jun
American Journal of Infection Control.2021; 49(8): 1031. CrossRef - Effectiveness Between Daily and After-Each-Case Room Disinfection of the Endoscopy Unit
Bo Jin, Yue Hu, Liang Huang, Xiaoyun Cheng, Jin Zhao, Xuejing Yang, Xiling Sun, Tieer Gan, Bin Lu
Frontiers in Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Sans Standardization: Effective Endoscope Reprocessing
Sameer K. Avasarala, Lawrence F. Muscarella, Atul C. Mehta
Respiration.2021; 100(12): 1208. CrossRef - Sharing Our Experience of Operating an Endoscopy Unit in the Midst of a COVID-19 Outbreak
Jimin Han, Eun Young Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2020; 53(2): 243. CrossRef
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4,582
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149
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Review
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Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Guidelines for Endoscope Reprocessing
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Byoung Kwan Son, Byung-Wook Kim, Won Hee Kim, Dae-Sung Myung, Young-Seok Cho, Byung Ik Jang, The Disinfection Management and Conscious Sedation Committee of Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
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Clin Endosc 2017;50(2):143-147. Published online March 17, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.029
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Abstract
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- The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (KSGE) issued guidelines for endoscope reprocessing for the first time in 1995, and the version of the guidelines was updated in August 2009, August 2012, and March 2015. Guidelines for endoscope reprocessing should be revised continuously, because new disinfectants and devices are developed and introduced. The current official version of the KSGE guidelines for endoscope reprocessing is explained herein to assist the reader in understanding the KSGE requirements for cleaning and disinfecting endoscopes.
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Citations
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- Comparison of channel sampling methods and brush heads in surveillance culture of endoscope reprocessing: A propensity score matching and paired study
Xue-Yue Ji, Pei-Yong Ning, Chun-Nan Fei, Jia Song, Xue-Mei Dou, Nan-Nan Zhang, Jun Liu, He Liu
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(1): 46. CrossRef - Altered Gastric Microbiota and Inflammatory Cytokine Responses in Patients with Helicobacter pylori-Negative Gastric Cancer
Han-Na Kim, Min-Jeong Kim, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Hyo-Joon Yang
Nutrients.2022; 14(23): 4981. CrossRef - Efficacy of a novel channel-cleaning ball brush for endoscope reprocessing: a randomized controlled trial
Kwang Hyun Chung, Jeong Don Chae, Wonho Choe, Hyo Young Lee, Il Hwan Oh, Byoung Kwan Son
Clinical Endoscopy.2022; 55(5): 674. CrossRef - Guidelines for accreditation of endoscopy units: quality measures from the Korean Society of Coloproctology
Rumi Shin, Seongdae Lee, Kyung-Su Han, Dae Kyung Sohn, Sang Hui Moon, Dong Hyun Choi, Bong-Hyeon Kye, Hae-Jung Son, Sun Il Lee, Sumin Si, Won-Kyung Kang
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2021; 100(3): 154. CrossRef - Guidelines for Cancer Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea
Jii Bum Lee, Minkyu Jung, June Hyuk Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Yeol Kim, Young Seok Kim, Byung Chang Kim, Jin Kim, Sung Ho Moon, Keon-Uk Park, Meerim Park, Hyeon Jin Park, Sung Hoon Sim, Hong Man Yoon, Soo Jung Lee, Eunyoung Lee, June Young Chun, Youn Kyung Chung,
Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 53(2): 323. CrossRef - The Effectiveness of Drying on Residual Droplets, Microorganisms, and Biofilms in Gastrointestinal Endoscope Reprocessing: A Systematic Review
Hefeng Tian, Jiao Sun, Shaoning Guo, Xuanrui Zhu, Han Feng, Yijin Zhuang, Xiu Wang, Konstantinos Triantafyllou
Gastroenterology Research and Practice.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef - Does the Reprocessing of Endoscopes Have to Take Place Immediately after Pre-Cleaning? A First Evaluation
Vanessa M Eichel, Jonas M Jabs, Samy Unser, Nico T Mutters, Martin Scherrer
Clinical Endoscopy.2021; 54(4): 526. CrossRef - Ambient air pollution in gastrointestinal endoscopy unit
Chang Seok Bang, Keunwook Lee, Young Joo Yang, Gwang Ho Baik
Surgical Endoscopy.2020; 34(9): 3795. CrossRef - Updates on the Disinfection and Infection Control Process of the Accredited Endoscopy Unit
Jeong Eun Shin, Yunho Jung, Jeong Hoon Lee, Byoung Kwan Son, Jae-Young Jang, Hyung-Keun Kim, Byung Ik Jang
Clinical Endoscopy.2019; 52(5): 443. CrossRef - Ambient air pollution in gastrointestinal endoscopy unit; rationale and design of a prospective study
Chang Seok Bang, Keunwook Lee, Jae Ho Choi, Jae Seung Soh, Ji Young Hong, Gwang Ho Baik, Dong Joon Kim
Medicine.2018; 97(49): e13600. CrossRef
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Focused Review Series: Endoscopic Disinfection in the Era of MERS
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Current Issues in Duodenoscope-Associated Infections: Now Is the Time to Take Action
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Junghoon Ha, Byoung Kwan Son
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Clin Endosc 2015;48(5):361-363. Published online September 30, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.5.361
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A duodenoscope has a very complex structure that contains many small parts which make reprocessing more challenging. The difficulty in cleaning duodenoscopes contributes to a higher risk of infection than that of conventional gastrointestinal endoscopes. However, a duodenoscope shares similar disinfection process with other gastrointestinal endoscopes. Recent outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections associated with duodenoscopes used for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures have raised many concerns worldwide. Duodenoscope-associated infections involving CRE or other multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a great threat to patients undergoing procedures using duodenoscopes and should be dealt with a great concern. Updated guidelines regarding cleaning and disinfection of duodenoscope needs to be developed urgently to prevent transmission of infection and ensure patient safety. Meanwhile, healthcare staff should pay special attention to thorough cleaning and disinfection of duodenoscopes.
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Citations
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- ERCP with single-use disposable duodenoscopes in four different set-ups
Ronja Lagström, Svend Knuhtsen, Trine Stigaard, Mustafa Bulut
BMJ Case Reports.2023; 16(2): e251514. CrossRef - Disposable duodenoscopes. Is healthcare system affordability the main hindrance?
Enrique Vázquez-Sequeiros, Juan Ángel González Martín, Agustín Albillos Martínez
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Storage of gastrointestinal endoscopes: when is the safe time for re-use?
Naiara Bussolotti Garcia, Adriana Cristina de Oliveira
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Single Use (Disposable) Duodenoscope: Recent Development and Future
Kihyun Ryu, Sunguk Jang
Clinical Endoscopy.2022; 55(2): 191. CrossRef - Duodenoscope-related infections: patient-ready versus single-use duodenoscopes. Is a new era for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography on the horizon?
Damiano BISOGNI, Roberto MANETTI, Luca TALAMUCCI, Michele ROSSI, Fabio STADERINI, Maurizio MORONI, Fabio CIANCHI
Minerva Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Results of duodenoscope culture and quarantine after manufacturer-recommended cleaning process
Jacob A. Mark, Karin Underberg, Robert E. Kramer
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2020; 91(6): 1328. CrossRef - Elevating the standard of endoscope processing: Terminal sterilization of duodenoscopes using a hydrogen peroxide–ozone sterilizer
Vanessa Molloy-Simard, Jean-Luc Lemyre, Karine Martel, Bradley J. Catalone
American Journal of Infection Control.2019; 47(3): 243. CrossRef - Getting to zero: Enhanced reprocessing and future directions
M. Phillip Fejleh, Jennifer Phan, Neil B. Marya, Stephen Kim, Zachary A. Rubin, V. Raman Muthusamy
Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2019; 21(4): 150626. CrossRef - Duodenoscope-Associated Infections: A Literature Review and Update
Il Hwan Oh, Byoung Kwan Son
The Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract.2018; 23(4): 145. CrossRef
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Case Reports
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A Case Report of Primary Duodenal Tuberculosis Mimicking a Malignant Tumor
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Ji Hye Jung, Seong Hwan Kim, Min Jeong Kim, Young Kwan Cho, Sang Bong Ahn, Byoung Kwan Son, Yun Ju Jo, Young Sook Park
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Clin Endosc 2014;47(4):346-349. Published online July 28, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.4.346
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Tuberculosis remains a serious infectious disease with primary features of pulmonary manifestation in Korea. However, duodenal tuberculosis is rare in gastrointestinal cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Here, we report a case of primary duodenal tuberculosis mistaken as a malignant tumor and diagnosed with QuantiFERON-TB GOLD (Cellestis Ltd.) in an immunocompetent male patient.
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Citations
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- Rare case of duodenal tuberculosis causing gastric outlet obstruction, a case report
Yohannis Derbew Molla, Samrawit Andargie Kassa, Amanuel Kassa Tadesse
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2023; 105: 108080. CrossRef - Primary Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma of the Duodenum Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Hao Liu, Yan Deng, Nan Liu, Jing Huang, Wei Zhang
Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2023; 48(8): e398. CrossRef - Infections in the gastrointestinal tract that can mimic malignancy
David W. Dodington, Klaudia M. Nowak, Runjan Chetty
Diagnostic Histopathology.2022; 28(10): 435. CrossRef - Disseminated tuberculosis mimicking abdominal metastatic carcinoma
Qi Zhou, MiaoXin Zhang
Medicine.2021; 100(47): e27886. CrossRef - Primary duodenal tuberculosis misdiagnosed as tumor by imaging examination: A case report
Yang Zhang, Xiao-Jun Shi, Xian-Cui Zhang, Xing-Jie Zhao, Jun-Xiang Li, Lin-Heng Wang, Chun-E Xie, Yu-Yue Liu, Yun-Liang Wang
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(24): 6537. CrossRef - The role of dual time point PET/CT for distinguishing malignant from benign focal 18F-FDG uptake duodenal lesions
Ri Sa, Hong-Guang Zhao, Yu-Yin Dai, Feng Guan
Medicine.2018; 97(38): e12521. CrossRef - Lymph node tuberculosis mimicking malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT in two patients: A case report
Rui-Lin Ding, Hong-Ying Cao, Yue Hu, Chang-Ling Shang, Fang Xie, Zhen-Hua Zhang, Qing-Lian Wen
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2017; 13(6): 3369. CrossRef
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5,881
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Gastric Outlet Obstruction Due to Gastric Amyloidosis Mimicking Malignancy in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
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Choon Sik Seon, Young Sook Park, Yu Min Jung, Jeong Ho Choi, Byoung Kwan Son, Sang Bong Ahn, Seong Hwan Kim, Yun Ju Jo
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Clin Endosc 2013;46(6):651-655. Published online November 19, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.6.651
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Amyloidosis is a group of disorders characterized by the extracellular accumulation of insoluble, fibrillar proteins in various organs and tissues. It is classified, on the basis of the identity of the precursor protein, as primary, secondary, or familial amyloidosis. Gastrointestinal amyloidosis usually presents as bleeding, ulceration, malabsorption, protein loss, and diarrhea. However, gastric amyloidosis with gastric outlet obstruction mimicking linitis plastica is rare. We report a case of gastrointestinal amyloidosis with gastric outlet obstruction in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. The patient was indicated for subtotal gastrectomy because of the aggravation of obstructive symptoms, but refused the operation and was transferred to another hospital. Three months later, the patient died of aspiration pneumonia during medical treatment.
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Citations
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- Gastric linitis plastica due to signet-ring cell carcinoma with Krukenberg tumors diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration
Takeshi Okamoto, Hidekazu Suzuki, Katsuyuki Fukuda
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 14(4): 994. CrossRef - Systemic amyloidosis with gastrointestinal involvement: Diagnosis from endoscopic and histological views
Tomoya Iida, Hiroo Yamano, Hiroshi Nakase
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2018; 33(3): 583. CrossRef - Amyloidosis of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver: clinical context, diagnosis and management
Umer Syed, Rafael A. Ching Companioni, Hassan Alkhawam, Aron Walfish
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2016; 28(10): 1109. CrossRef - TNF-α Inhibitor Treatment in an Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient with Secondary Amyloidosis that Manifest with Diarrhea: A Case Report
Jae Hyun Lee, Jinyoung Moon, Hyun Woo Lee, Sung Hae Chang, Eun Bong Lee, Yeong Wook Song, Eun Young Lee
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2015; 89(2): 259. CrossRef
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5,687
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39
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Review
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A Case of Oral-contraceptive Related Ischemic Colitis in Young Woman
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Choon Sik Seon, Young Sook Park, Se Hwan Park, Sang Ryol Ryu, Yun Ju Jo, Seong Hwan Kim, Byoung Kwan Son, Sang Bong Ahn
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Clin Endosc 2011;44(2):129-132. Published online December 31, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2011.44.2.129
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Ischemic colitis is generally considered a disease of the elderly. The causes of ischemic colitis include low-flow states due to cardiac dysfunction or hypovolemia and certain medications including estrogen. Here we report a case of ischemic colitis in a 26-year-old woman. She had no specific medical history except taking oral-contraceptives for a long time. The mechanism of estrogen-induced ischemic colitis is not clearly understood. But we recommend that oral-contraceptives should be considered as a cause of ischemic colitis in young women.
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Tsubasa Ito, Kazuki Takasaki, Minori Takada, Akira Tomioka
BMJ Case Reports.2021; 14(5): e239975. CrossRef - Review article: the pharmacological causes of colon ischaemia
Ziga Vodusek, Paul Feuerstadt, Lawrence J. Brandt
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Nie, Zou, Dong, Sun, Ding, Han, Ji, Zhou, Yuan, Suo
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Brian Kim, Hesham Tayel, Kimberly Jegel Chaput
ACG Case Reports Journal.2019; 6(10): e00227. CrossRef - Ischemic enterocolitis and its differential diagnosis
Georgina Uberti, John R. Goldblum, Daniela S. Allende
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology.2014; 31(2): 152. CrossRef - Oxygen in the regulation of intestinal epithelial transport
Joseph B. J. Ward, Simon J. Keely, Stephen J. Keely
The Journal of Physiology.2014; 592(12): 2473. CrossRef - Recurrent ischemic colitis associated with oral contraceptive therapy
Palaniappan Manickam, Maryconi Jaurigue, Mihaela Batke, Mitchell S. Cappell
Journal of Digestive Diseases.2014; 15(6): 331. CrossRef
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